In a longitudinal study on 11 relapsing-remitting MS patients, we qualitatively determined mRNA expression of TNF-alpha and TACE in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) without ex vivo stimulation. mRNA expression was related to disease activity as assessed by monthly gadolinium (Gd)-enhanced brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
To investigate the association between apolipoprotein E (Apo E) genotype in multiple sclerosis (MS) and acute monosymptomatic optic neuritis (ON) in a genetically homogeneous population with a high frequency of the Apo epsilon4 allele.
An analysis of disease progression in 614 patients with MS from 379 families indicated that APOE-4 carriers are more likely to be affected with severe disease (P=.03), whereas a higher proportion of APOE-2 carriers exhibit a mild disease course (P=.02).
Our findings suggest that astrocytic impairment associated with humoral immunity against AQP4 may be primarily involved in the lesion formation of NMO, and that the pathomechanisms of NMO are different from those of MS in which demyelination is the primary pathology.
Considering this importance, we decided to investigate several highly mutative parts of mtDNA for point mutations as MT-LTI (tRNA(Leucine1(UUA/G))), MT-NDI (NADH Dehydrogenase subunit 1), MT-COII (Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II), MT-TK (tRNA(Lysine)), MT-ATP8 (ATP synthase subunit F0 8) and MT-ATP6 (ATP synthase subunit F0 6) in 20 Iranian MS patients and 80 age-matched control subjects by PCR and automated DNA sequencing to evaluate any probable point mutations.
Considering this importance, we decided to investigate several highly mutative parts of mtDNA for point mutations as MT-LTI (tRNA(Leucine1(UUA/G))), MT-NDI (NADH Dehydrogenase subunit 1), MT-COII (Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II), MT-TK (tRNA(Lysine)), MT-ATP8 (ATP synthase subunit F0 8) and MT-ATP6 (ATP synthase subunit F0 6) in 20 Iranian MS patients and 80 age-matched control subjects by PCR and automated DNA sequencing to evaluate any probable point mutations.
Kinin B1 receptor expression on multiple sclerosis mononuclear cells: correlation with magnetic resonance imaging T2-weighted lesion volume and clinical disability.
To determine whether BTNL2 contributes to MS, we genotyped 1136 well-characterized MS families from the UK and the USA, as well as an African-American case-control data set, making this among the largest genetic studies in MS. Family-based and case-control association studies were performed for the BTNL2 and HLA-DRB1 loci.
Analysis of clinical subgroups revealed that caspase-1 was increased in all subgroups, whereas IL-18 was upregulated in chronic progression (P=0.001) and relapsing MS patients in remission (P=0.002) but not significantly during relapses (P=0.12). mRNA levels of IL-1beta were not significantly altered in MS except for a possible decrease in chronic progression (P=0.03).
Here, we show that antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase 1 and 2, catalase, and heme oxygenase 1, are markedly upregulated in active demyelinating MS lesions compared to normal-appearing white matter and white matter tissue from nonneurological control brains.