Hereditary Multiple Exostoses (HME) is a rare pediatric disorder caused by loss-of-function mutations in the genes encoding the heparan sulfate (HS)-synthesizing enzymes EXT1 or EXT2.
This study suggests that intragenic FMR1 variants, although much less frequent than CGG expansions, are a significant mutational mechanism leading to FXS and demonstrates the interest of HTS approaches to detect them in ID patients with a negative standard work-up.
Three families of JLNS who presented with long QT and deafness and who carry homozygous, or compound heterozygous mutation in KCNQ1 gene were presented in this report.
Our MFS-hiPSC-derived smooth muscle cells (SMCs) recapitulated the pathology seen in Marfan aortas, including defects in fibrillin-1 accumulation, extracellular matrix degradation, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling, contraction and apoptosis; abnormalities were corrected by CRISPR-based editing of the FBN1 mutation.
Severe mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II) is a progressive lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations in the IDS gene, leading to a deficiency in the iduronate-2-sulfatase enzyme that is involved in heparan sulphate and dermatan sulphate catabolism.
Here, we report on the identification of five different PTPN11 missense changes affecting residues Leu<sup>261</sup> , Leu<sup>262</sup> , and Arg<sup>265</sup> in 16 unrelated individuals with clinical diagnosis of NS or with features suggestive for this disorder, specifying a novel disease-causing mutation cluster.
Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) is an X-linked recessive hypomyelination disorder caused by mutations in the proteolipid protein 1 gene (<i>PLP1</i>) located on chromosome Xq22.