GSTP1 DNA methylation status is more sensitive than telomerase analysis for the detection of malignant cells in seminal ejaculates from patients with prostate cancer.
GSTP1 HM appears to be well suited for molecular staging of prostate cancer and accurately detects disseminated tumor cells in LNs, which was seen in 90% of the patients with PSA relapse.
GSTP1 CpG island hypermethylation, a somatic epigenetic alteration, appears poised to serve as a molecular biomarker useful for prostate cancer screening, detection, and diagnosis.
GSTP1 Promotor hypermethylation was detectable in 75% of plasma samples obtained from patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer and in 36.8% of patients under therapy, whereas 26% and 14% of the breast cancer patients tested were positive for RASSF1A and ATM methylation, respectively.
GSTP1 methylation in the first and in the second negative biopsy was associated with prostate cancer detection [OR per 1% increase: 1.14 (95% CI 1.01-1.29) for the second biopsy and 1.21 (95% CI 1.07-1.37) for the highest methylation level (first or second biopsy)].
A multiplex quantitative methylation specific polymerase chain reaction assay determining the methylation status of GSTP1, APC and RASSF1 was strongly associated with repeat biopsy outcome up to 30 months after initial negative biopsy in men with suspicion of prostate cancer.
A potential multiplicative interaction was suggested between GSTP1 and smoking on the risk of prostate cancer with the adjusted OR for the interaction of 4.52 (95% CI: 1.07-19.17).
Aberrant gene silencing of genes through cytosine methylation has been demonstrated during the development of many types of cancers including prostate cancer Several genes including GSTP1 have been shown to be methylated in prostate cancer leading to the suggestion and demonstration that methylation status of such genes could be used as cancer diagnosis markers alone or in support of histology.
Additionally, human prostate carcinoma LNCaP cells, which contain a silenced GSTP1 gene, were genetically modified to constitutively express high levels of GSTP1.
All biopsy cores from the negative index biopsy were profiled for the epigenetic biomarkers GSTP1, APC, and RASSF1 using ConfirmMDx for Prostate Cancer (MDxHealth, Irvine, CA).
An electrochemical genosensor for the detection of hypermethylation of the glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) gene, a specific marker of prostate cancer, was reported.
Assays of GSTP1 promoter methylation in prostatic massage fluid or ejaculate may therefore serve as useful adjuncts to existing methods for prostate cancer screening and prognostication.
Because GSTP1 promoter methylation is mainly observed in prostate carcinoma and some high-grade PIN lesions, it represents an important marker for the transition of in situ to invasive neoplasia.
But no association was determined between GSTT1 null genotype (OR = 1.102, 95% CI = 0.9596-1.2655) or GSTP1A131G polymorphism (OR = 1.0845, 95% CI = 0.96-1.2251) and the PCa risk.