However, in keeping with a possible role as a tumor suppressor, MDA-7 expression is decreased in more advanced melanomas, with nearly undetectable levels in metastatic disease.
The melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7/interleukin-24 gene (mda-7/IL-24) is a novel tumor-suppressor/cytokine gene that exhibits potent tumor-suppressive activity without damaging normal cells.
Melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (<i>mda-7/IL-24</i>) is a multifunctional cytokine displaying broad-spectrum anticancer activity in vitro or in vivo in preclinical animal cancer models and in a phase 1/2 clinical trial in patients with advanced cancers.
Strategies designed to replace this defective tumor suppressor protein, as well as forced expression of a novel cancer specific apoptosis inducing gene, melanoma differentiation associated gene-7 (mda-7), offer promise for restoring apoptosis in tumor cells.
Melanoma differentiation-associated 7 (mda-7) (interleukin 24), when expressed via a recombinant replication-defective adenovirus, adenovirus (Ad).mda-7, has profound antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects in a variety of tumor cells but not in nontransformed cells.
Selective induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells through adenoviral transfer of the melanoma differentiation-associated -7 (mda-7)/interleukin-24 (IL-24) gene.
Intratumoral injection of INGN 241, a nonreplicating adenovector expressing the melanoma-differentiation associated gene-7 (mda-7/IL24): biologic outcome in advanced cancer patients.
Additionally, recent clinical trials confirm safety and document significant clinical activity of mda-7/IL-24 in patients with diverse solid cancers and melanomas.
Through subtraction hybridization, we have identified a gene associated with induction of irreversible growth arrest, cancer reversion, and terminal differentiation in human melanoma cells, melanoma differentiation associated gene-7 (mda-7).
A noteworthy aspect of melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (mda-7/IL-24) as a cancer therapeutic is its ability to selectively kill cancer cells without harming normal cells.
An adenovirus armed with Melanoma differentiation associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (mda-7/IL-24; abbreviated to 'IL-24' here) was shown to reverse the MDR of colon cancer cells to oxaliplatin and doxorubicin.
Subtraction hybridization combined with induction of cancer cell terminal differentiation in human melanoma cells identified melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (mda-7/IL-24) and SARI (suppressor of AP-1, induced by IFN) that display potent antitumor activity.
Melanoma differentiation associated gene-7 (<i>mda-7/IL-24</i>) is a member of the IL-10 family of cytokines, with ubiquitous direct and "bystander" tumor-selective killing properties.
This scheme identified melanoma differentiation associated gene-7 (mda-7), whose expression is up-regulated as a consequence of terminal differentiation in human melanoma cells.
Melanoma differentiation associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (mda-7/IL-24) is a unique member of the IL-10 gene family that displays nearly ubiquitous cancer-specific toxicity, with no harmful effects toward normal cells or tissues. mda-7/IL-24 was cloned from human melanoma cells by differentiation induction subtraction hybridization (DISH) and promotes endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress culminating in apoptosis or toxic autophagy in a broad-spectrum of human cancers, when assayed in cell culture, in vivo in human tumor xenograft mouse models and in a Phase I clinical trial in patients with advanced cancers.
Melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (mda-7/IL-24) is a novel candidate of tumor suppressor that can selectively induce apoptosis experimentally in a spectrum of human cancer cells including leukemia cells.
In this report, the enhanced transgene delivery and efficacy of Ad.5/3-recombinant virus was evaluated using an effective wide-spectrum anticancer therapeutic melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (mda-7/IL-24).