It has been recently reported that in type 1 diabetes the insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene is associated with the presence of diabetic nephropathy.
Insertion/deletion polymorphism in the angiotensin-I-converting enzyme gene is associated with coronary heart disease in IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy.
Lack of relationship between an insertion/deletion polymorphism in the angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene and diabetic nephropathy and proliferative retinopathy in IDDM patients.
Studies have shown an association of diabetic nephropathy and ischaemic heart disease with angiotensin converting enzyme gene polymorphism in subjects with diabetes.
These results suggested that ACE I/D polymorphism, but not AGN M235T polymorphism, is a possible genetic risk factor for diabetic nephropathy in Japanese NIDDM patients.
The relationship between diabetic nephropathy and an insertion (I)/deletion (D) polymorphism in intron 16 of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene is still under debate.
ACE gene polymorphism which could be linked to intrarenal circulatory disturbance may be associated with the initiation and progression of diabetic nephropathy.
Effect of deletion polymorphism of angiotensin converting enzyme gene on progression of diabetic nephropathy during inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme: observational follow up study.
We have examined the angiotensin converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism and angiotensinogen methionine 235 threonine polymorphism in a large cohort of Caucasian patients with IDDM and diabetic nephropathy.
Angiotensinogen was selected because of the putative link between it and mild to moderate essential hypertension and nephrosclerosis; angiotensin-converting enzyme because of its possible contribution to diabetic nephropathy; and renin, the angiotensin II receptor, and kallikrein because of their roles in hypertension and renal perfusion.
These results suggest that: (1) the ACE gene I/D polymorphism influences glomerular filtration and renal plasma flow rates in patients with early uncomplicated IDDM; and (2) differences in renal hemodynamic function do not appear to explain the protection against the development of diabetic nephropathy offered by the I allele.
In conclusion, these results suggest that the ACE locus may be associated with longevity and survival in patients with type I diabetes rather than diabetic nephropathy or microvascular disease per se.
Allelic frequencies of the ACE-D and AGT-235T alleles were similar between patients with and without nephropathy in either type of diabetes, and accordingly, there was no significant association between diabetic nephropathy and the ACE or AGT genotype.
The role of the insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene in the genesis of diabetic nephropathy has been controversial.
As the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system might also be activated in this setting, we determined the ACE genotype together with other risk factors for the development of diabetic nephropathy in 122 patients with IDDM from a single centre with (n = 63) and without (n = 59) nephropathy.
The D allele, which is associated with higher plasma ACE levels, and the level of ACE in plasma, were found in case control studies to be associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction, an increased risk of diabetic nephropathy in type I diabetic patients, and a faster rate of renal function degradation in glomerular diseases.
Angiotensin I-converting enzyme and angiotensinogen gene polymorphisms in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Lack of relationship with diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy in a Caucasian Mediterranean population.