Gene Disease Score gda Association Type Original DB Sentence supporting the association PMID PMID Year
Entrez Id: 5728
Gene Symbol: PTEN
PTEN
CUI: C0027627
Disease: Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis
0.400 Biomarker BEFREE These homologies suggest that PTEN may suppress tumor cell growth by antagonizing protein tyrosine kinases and may regulate tumor cell invasion and metastasis through interactions at focal adhesions. 9072974

1997

Entrez Id: 5728
Gene Symbol: PTEN
PTEN
CUI: C0027627
Disease: Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis
0.400 GeneticVariation BEFREE Frozen tissue from primary cutaneous melanomas (n = 23) and metastases (n = 17) were microdissected, and microsatellite markers D10S541 and D10S547, flanking the gene on both sides, were used to search for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in the PTEN gene locus. 9764804

1998

Entrez Id: 5728
Gene Symbol: PTEN
PTEN
CUI: C0027627
Disease: Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis
0.400 GeneticVariation BEFREE PTEN/MMAC1 mutations in the advanced endometrial cancers were similar in the corresponding metastases. 9829719

1998

Entrez Id: 5728
Gene Symbol: PTEN
PTEN
CUI: C0027627
Disease: Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis
0.400 Biomarker BEFREE Therefore, we wished to determine whether inactivation of PTEN might be associated with increased angiogenesis in prostate cancers, because increased angiogenesis in localized cancers is associated with development of metastatic disease. 10208463

1999

Entrez Id: 5728
Gene Symbol: PTEN
PTEN
CUI: C0027627
Disease: Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis
0.400 GeneticVariation BEFREE Alteration of the PTEN/MMAC1 gene locus in primary lung cancer with distant metastasis. 10470842

1999

Entrez Id: 5728
Gene Symbol: PTEN
PTEN
CUI: C0027627
Disease: Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis
0.400 Biomarker BEFREE The high mutation rate in advanced brain tumors, recent functional studies, and the high frequency of mutations in prostate metastases all strongly suggest that PTEN/MMAC1 alterations are involved in the formation of metastases. 10499615

1999

Entrez Id: 5728
Gene Symbol: PTEN
PTEN
CUI: C0027627
Disease: Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis
0.400 Biomarker BEFREE Because PTEN negatively regulates on the downstream effects of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3-K), we hypothesized that the loss of PTEN/MMAC1 and the activation of RAS may be largely equivalent because RAS is a known positive upstream regulator of PI3-K. We expanded our previous survey of PTEN/MMAC1 mutations and analyzed the RAS status of 53 cutaneous melanoma cell lines, 18 glioma cell lines, and 17 uncultured cutaneous melanoma metastasis. 10766161

2000

Entrez Id: 5728
Gene Symbol: PTEN
PTEN
CUI: C0027627
Disease: Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis
0.400 GeneticVariation BEFREE Somatic PTEN mutations were identified in melanomas from 4 of 37 patients (11%), all of whom had metastatic disease. 10881743

2000

Entrez Id: 5728
Gene Symbol: PTEN
PTEN
CUI: C0027627
Disease: Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis
0.400 GeneticVariation BEFREE Five of 32 (16%) primary prostate cancers from Chinese men and two of six metastases from American men showed mutations in a total of 10 codons of PTEN, which involved exons 1, 2, 5, 8, and 9. 11234884

2001

Entrez Id: 5728
Gene Symbol: PTEN
PTEN
CUI: C0027627
Disease: Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis
0.400 Biomarker BEFREE Only one mutation resulting in a truncated PTEN protein was detected, which was in a metastasized extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma. 11854598

2002

Entrez Id: 5728
Gene Symbol: PTEN
PTEN
CUI: C0027627
Disease: Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis
0.400 GeneticVariation BEFREE The favorable prognosis of synchronous endometrioid carcinomas may be due to the occurrence of PTEN mutations in both independent and metastatic tumors, the MI-positive independent primary tumors, and the low frequency of LOH. 12055677

2002

Entrez Id: 5728
Gene Symbol: PTEN
PTEN
CUI: C0027627
Disease: Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis
0.400 GeneticVariation BEFREE Furthermore, apart from sporadic endometrial carcinoma, PTEN alteration in noncultured sporadic neoplasias likely occurs "late," promoting progression and metastasis.The article by Davies et al. 12060605

2002

Entrez Id: 5728
Gene Symbol: PTEN
PTEN
CUI: C0027627
Disease: Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis
0.400 AlteredExpression BEFREE Ex vivo introduction of MMAC/PTEN expression did not inhibit the tumorigenicity of orthotopically implanted PC3 cells, but it did significantly reduce tumor size and completely inhibited the formation of metastases. 12060635

2002

Entrez Id: 5728
Gene Symbol: PTEN
PTEN
CUI: C0027627
Disease: Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis
0.400 Biomarker BEFREE These data suggest that MADS-IX possibly is part of a novel candidate metastasis-associated gene located close to the PTEN gene on chromosome 10q. 12631399

2003

Entrez Id: 5728
Gene Symbol: PTEN
PTEN
CUI: C0027627
Disease: Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis
0.400 Biomarker BEFREE In three other microsatellite loci [D9S162 (9p22-p21), D10S251 and D10S541 (surrounding the PTEN/MMAC1 gene on 10q23-q24)], clearly recognizable LOH was found in the solid part and in the metastasis, whereas the tubular component demonstrated only a slight decrease of the same allele. 12719974

2003

Entrez Id: 5728
Gene Symbol: PTEN
PTEN
CUI: C0027627
Disease: Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis
0.400 AlteredExpression BEFREE PTEN expression was significantly associated with invasive depth (P=0.003, rs=0.274), metastasis (P=0.036, rs=0.197), growth pattern (P=0.008, rs=0.282), Lauren's classification (P=0.000, rs=0.345), and histological classification (P=0.005, rs=0.262) of tumors, but not with tumor size (P=0.639, rs=0.045), Borrmann's classification (P=0.544, rs=0.070) or TNM staging (P=0.172, rs=0.129). 12918097

2003

Entrez Id: 5728
Gene Symbol: PTEN
PTEN
CUI: C0027627
Disease: Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis
0.400 AlteredExpression BEFREE Matrix metalloproteinase-7 expression was positively associated with tumor size, Borrmann's classification, invasive depth, metastasis and TNM staging (P < 0.05), but negative with PTEN expression (P < 0.05). 14516315

2003

Entrez Id: 5728
Gene Symbol: PTEN
PTEN
CUI: C0027627
Disease: Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis
0.400 AlteredExpression BEFREE Inactivation of the PTEN gene protein product is associated with the invasiveness and metastasis, but not angiogenesis, of breast cancer. 14674989

2004

Entrez Id: 5728
Gene Symbol: PTEN
PTEN
CUI: C0027627
Disease: Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis
0.400 Biomarker BEFREE The results suggest that nm23 gene plays a major role in metastasis and its mechanism of action of metastasis suppression may involve downregulation of genes associated with cell adhesion, motility (integrins alpha2, -8, -9, -L and -V, collagen type VIII alpha1, fibronectin 1, catenin, TGF-beta2, FGF7, MMP14 and 16, ErbB2) and possibly certain tumor/metastasis suppressors (2 members of SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated proteins 2 and 5 and PTEN). 14735469

2004

Entrez Id: 5728
Gene Symbol: PTEN
PTEN
CUI: C0027627
Disease: Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis
0.400 GeneticVariation BEFREE In the 12 of 15 melanoma cell lines (80%) and two of two melanoma metastases with PTEN alterations, BRAF was also mutated. 15009714

2004

Entrez Id: 5728
Gene Symbol: PTEN
PTEN
CUI: C0027627
Disease: Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis
0.400 GeneticVariation BEFREE Loss of heterozygosity on 10q and mutational status of PTEN and BMPR1A in colorectal primary tumours and metastases. 15026806

2004

Entrez Id: 5728
Gene Symbol: PTEN
PTEN
CUI: C0027627
Disease: Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis
0.400 AlteredExpression BEFREE The present study has assessed the in situ expression of PTEN mRNA and protein in 26 prostate intraepithelial neoplasias (PINs), 58 primary prostate carcinomas, and 15 metastases. 15095479

2004

Entrez Id: 5728
Gene Symbol: PTEN
PTEN
CUI: C0027627
Disease: Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis
0.400 GeneticVariation BEFREE Biallelic deletion of PTEN has been associated with advanced stage tumors or metastatic disease. 15448614

2004

Entrez Id: 5728
Gene Symbol: PTEN
PTEN
CUI: C0027627
Disease: Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis
0.400 GeneticVariation BEFREE LOH of PTEN gene appears in precancerous lesions, and PTEN mutations are restricted to advanced gastric cancer, LOH and mutation of PTEN gene are closely related to the infiltration and metastasis of gastric cancer. 15633233

2005

Entrez Id: 5728
Gene Symbol: PTEN
PTEN
CUI: C0027627
Disease: Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Metastasis
0.400 AlteredExpression BEFREE These findings demonstrate that loss of PTEN expression is an important factor in progression towards metastatic disease and could potentially serve as an early prognostic marker for prostate cancer metastasis. 17163422

2007