<b>Background:</b> Modulation of Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) may be a novel therapeutic approach to manage Parkinson's disease (PD) Patients with L-dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID).
As class C GPCRs and regulators of synaptic activity, human metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) 4 and 5 are prime targets for allosteric modulation, with mGlu5 inhibition or mGlu4 stimulation potentially treating conditions like chronic pain and Parkinson's disease.
Conclusively, mGluR5 availability and glutamine concentrations in the CP are involved in PD, whereas mGluR5 availability in cortical regions may be involved in LID pathology.
Convergent molecular and pharmacological data further suggests metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 as a promising therapeutic target for the management of Parkinson's disease/dopamine replacement therapy related reward bias.
Hence, these results provide evidence that aberrant neural plasticity at corticostriatal synapses in the striatum is closely correlated with the occurrence of LID, and targeted inhibition of mGluR5 by MPEP alleviates LID in the PD rat model.
In addition, the growth of implanted liver cancer was inhibited in 6-OHDA induced PD-like rats, and was associated with increased glutamate release in the serum and down-regulation of mGluR5 in tumor tissue.
In conclusion, our results have demonstrated for the first time that dynamic changes occur in mGluR1, but not mGluR5, that accompany pathological progression in a PD animal model.
In our study, the effect of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGlu<sub>5</sub>) on hepatoma was explored in a rotenone-induced PD model both in vitro and in vivo.
In this context, levels of mGluR5 were analyzed in the brains of PD and DLB human cases and alpha-syn transgenic (tg) mice and compared to age-matched, unimpaired controls, we report a 40% increase in the levels of mGluR5 and beta-arrestin immunoreactivity in the frontal cortex, hippocampus and putamen in DLB cases and in the putamen in PD cases.
Non-invasive imaging of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGlu<sub>5</sub>) in the brain using PET is of interest in e.g., anxiety, depression, and Parkinson's disease.
PDZ Scaffold Protein CAL Couples with Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 to Protect Against Cell Apoptosis and Is a Potential Target in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease.
Thus, the specific pharmacological blocking of mGlu5 receptors constitutes one of the most attractive non-dopaminergic-based strategies for PD management in general and for the L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) in particular.
To date, current therapeutic approaches focus on managing motor symptoms and trying to slow neurodegeneration, with minimal capacity to promote neurorecovery. mGluR5 plays a key role in neuroplasticity, and altered mGluR5 signaling contributes to synucleinopathy and dyskinesia in patients with Parkinson's disease.
Triptolide up-regulates metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 to inhibit microglia activation in the lipopolysaccharide-induced model of Parkinson's disease.