Performance of Ultra and Xpert were compared to culture on respiratory specimens from patients with suspected pulmonary TB (November 2016 to August 2018; <i>n</i> = 196) in Lausanne (Switzerland).
IP-10 levels in plasma, DPS and DBS samples collected before, during (2 months) and after TB treatment of 36 EPTB patients (6 culture and/or Xpert MTB/RIF positive and 30 clinically diagnosed) and 8 pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients, were quantified by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Totally 689 cases were included.The direct head-to-head diagnostic performance comparison showed higher sensitivity of Xpert Ultra in contrast with Xpert among 292 smear-negative pulmonary TB (PTB) (70.89% vs 57.88%, P = 0.001), 108 tuberculous pleurisy (61.11% vs 34.26%, P<0.001), and 43 tuberculous meningitis (44.19% vs 18.60%, P = 0.011).
Xpert Ultra was found to have a higher sensitivity, but slightly reduced specificity compared to Xpert in detecting pulmonary tuberculosis in children.
The clinical impact and costs incurred in adopting the Xpert test in routine PTB diagnosis was evaluated in a prospective study conducted from November 2012 to November of 2013, in the City of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
GeneXpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) assay has been endorsed for the diagnosis of pulmonary TB due to its high sensitivity and specificity for culture positive TB.
We developed a Markov microsimulation model of hypothetical cohorts of 100,000 individuals undergoing diagnostic sputum evaluation with Xpert for suspected pulmonary TB, in each of 3 emblematic settings: an HIV clinic in South Africa, a public TB center in India, and an adult primary care setting in China.
Recently, Xpert MTB/RIF assay is being used for rapid diagnosis of pulmonary TB, but it has not yet been widely validated in intrathoracic TB lymphadenitis.
Xpert MTB/RIF (Cepheid) is a rapid molecular assay shown to be sensitive and specific for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis in highly endemic countries.
We performed a prospective, cross-sectional study with 2-month follow-up comparing Xpert with standard strategies for evaluating outpatients for active pulmonary TB at the San Francisco Department of Public Health TB Clinic between May 2010 and June 2011.
These results suggest that routine Xpert MTB/RIF testing is a promising solution to present-day challenges in the diagnosis of PTB in pediatric patients.
The high proportion of very low mycobacterial load in the GLA samples from smear-negative TB cases may increase the frequency for obtaining indeterminate RIF resistance results by Xpert.