We compared preoperative CEA serum levels from 105 patients with hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) and 107 patients with sporadic colorectal cancer including influences of age and Dukes stage.
Compared with low sensitivity of carcinoembryonic antigen (17% at stage I, 40% at stage II) and CA19-9 (0% at stage I, 13% at stage II) for early-stage CRCs, sensitivity of aberrant methylation was significantly higher: PPP1R3C methylation at 92% (11/12) for stage I and 77% (23/30) for stage II, and methylation of at least one gene at 100% (12/12) for stage I and 87% (26/30) for stage II.
Further verification confirmed the elevated plasma BST2 levels in CRC patients (2.35 ± 0.13 ng/mL) versus controls (1.04 ± 0.03 ng/mL) (p < 0.01), with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) being 0.858 comparable to that of CEA (0.867).
We have successfully completed a phase I and phase II clinical trials on immunotherapy of prostate cancer using naked DNA and adenoviral immunizations against the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and phase I clinical trial on colorectal cancer using naked DNA immunization against the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA).
Importantly, in comparison to CEA (27.5% seropositivity), ANXA autoantibody showed a remarkable change (81.3% seropositivity) at the early stage of CRC.
The -174 G/C polymorphism in interleukin-6 (IL-6) promoter region is associated with serum IL-6 and carcinoembryonic antigen levels in patients with colorectal cancers in Taiwan.
The CEA gene in the liver was identified by amplifying the CEA-specific N-terminal domain exon with digoxigenin-dUTP labeling in 16 colorectal carcinomas with liver metastases.
This five-miRNA signature showed diagnostic value (72% sensitivity, 66.67% specificity, AUC = 0.754) to detect CRC, which was even higher in combination with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels.
<i>TP53, KRAS, APC</i>) has limited diagnostic sensitivity (40-60%), however, methylated DNA including <i>SEPT9, SFRP1, SDC2</i> can be applied with higher sensitivity (up to 90%) for CRC.Circulating miRNAs (e.g. miR-21, miR-92, miR-141) provide comparably high sensitivity for CRC as the circulating tumor cell mRNA markers (e.g.EGFR, CK19, CK20, CEA).
These results indicate that effective and safe in vivo gene therapy for CRC may be feasible by transferring the CD gene controlled by the CEA promoter core region.
For CC, the MF group noted fewer deaths (48% versus 76%, P < 0.001), recurrences (4% versus 19%, P = 0.002), metastases (23% versus 46%, P = 0.001), better 5-year survival rates (57% versus 37%, P = 0.004), overall survival years (5.7 versus 4.1, P = 0.007) and greater carcinoembryonic antigen decrease (72% versus 47%, P = 0.015).
Most guidelines recommend that patients who have undergone curative resection for primary colorectal cancer are followed up for 5 years with regular blood carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) tests to trigger further investigation for recurrence.
The present study aimed to examine the feasibility of detecting vimentin (VIM) methylation in the serum of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and to determine the effectiveness of a relatively simple, inexpensive, and non-invasive test performed in combination with the conventional carcinoembryonic antigen analysis.
We established a RFS prediction model which revealed that combined expression of CCAT1, CCAT2, and carcinoembryonic antigen was a significant determinant for efficiently predicting RFS in stage II (P = 0.034) and stage III (P = 0.001) CRC patients.
Spearman analysis suggested that there was a positive relationship between Rab1A expression and preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) for CRC patients.
Thus, some of these glycan changes like carbohydrate antigen CA 19-9 (sialyl Lewis a, sLea) or those found on carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) are already used as clinical biomarkers to detect and monitor CRC.