We found that IL-17 induction of CCL2/MCP-1 was mediated by the PI3K, ERK, and JNK pathways in RA ST fibroblasts and by the PI3K and ERK pathways in macrophages.
This novel observation provides the scope to develop new therapeutics targeting PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in autoimmune diseases like psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis.
Thus, results of this study suggest that activation of the PI3K/Akt/HIF-1α pathway plays a pivotal role in mediating hypoxia-induced EMT transformation and invasion of RA-FLSs under hypoxia.
Following stimulation with 10 nM insulin for 30 min, the stable overexpression of Arg972 IRS-1 and knock down of IRS-1 significantly decreased IRS-1-associated PI3K activity and Akt activation/phosphorylation at serine 473 (ser473) and enhanced TNF-α-induced apoptosis in normal and in RA osteoblasts.
The purpose of our study was to elucidate the impact of microRNA-126 (miR-126) targeting PIK3R2 gene on cell proliferation and apoptosis of rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibro-blasts (RASFs) by regulating PI3K/AKT signal pathway.
Among the class 1 PI3K family proteins known to be expressed in RA synoviocytes, PI3Kα was selectively involved in PDGF-B expression, whereas both PI3Kα and PI3Kδ participated in invadosome formation.
Bcl-XL and Mcl-1 upregulation by calreticulin promotes apoptosis resistance of fibroblast-like synoviocytes via activation of PI3K/Akt and STAT3 pathways in rheumatoid arthritis.
In this study, we investigate the potentially therapeutic role of artesunate (Art) on chondrocyte proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
In summary, these data implied that Foxc1 might regulates fibroblast-like synoviocytes proliferation by reducing PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and all above findings provide novel therapeutic effects in the treatment for RA patients.
E2F2 directly regulates the STAT1 and PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathways to exacerbate the inflammatory phenotype in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts and mouse embryonic fibroblasts.
CCL3 treatment in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS) could activate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to different degrees and increase the expression of cytokines including interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, TNF-α, and RANKL.
This data demonstrates that RSFLs activated by VEGF binding of VEGFR2 express VE-cadherin and formed tube-like structure under the control of ERK/MAPK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways suggesting that the inhibition suppresses vascular development in RA synovium.
The expression of PI3K was higher, the expression of PIK3R2 was lower, and AKT was phosphorylated in the RA synovial tissues, relative to the levels found in the normal synovial tissues.
We found that miR-124a suppressed the viability and proliferation of RAFLS and increased the percentage of cells in the G1 phase. miR-124a suppressed PIK3CA 3'UTR luciferase reporter activity and decreased the expression of PIK3CA at mRNA and protein levels.
Through the study of signaling pathways, we established that the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by HSN may show therapeutic effects in the progression of rheumatoid arthritis.