In addition, key cytokines associated with colitis (IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17A) were significantly suppressed, following treatment with M2b macrophage exosomes.
Contrastingly, enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) is highly associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC), rapidly inducing IL-17-dependent murine colitis and tumorigenesis.
Consistent with this, IL-17-induced inflammation is significantly reduced in <i>NDR1-</i>deficient mice, and NDR1 deficiency significantly protects mice from MOG-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis likely by its inhibition of IL-17-mediated signaling pathway.
In a 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced colitis model, mice carrying VDR deletion in gut epithelial cells [VDRflox/flox (VDRf/f);Villin-Cre or VDRΔIEC] or in colonic epithelial cells (VDRf/f;CDX2-Cre or VDRΔCEC) developed more severe clinical colitis than VDRf/f control mice, characterized by more robust T-helper (TH)1 and TH17 responses, with greater increases in mucosal interferon (IFN)-γ+, interleukin (IL)-17+, and IFN-γ+IL-17+ T cells.
Importantly, intestinal NIK signaling is active in mouse models of colitis and patients with inflammatory bowel diseases; meanwhile, constitutive NIK signaling increases the susceptibility to inflammatory injury by inducing ectopic M-cell differentiation and a chronic increase of IL-17A.
Suppression of IL-17F, but not of IL-17A, provides protection against colitis by inducing T<sub>reg</sub> cells through modification of the intestinal microbiota.
Our data provide insight into the complex network of interactions between IL-17A-secreting ILCs and other components of the innate immune system in the development of colitis.
Absolute numbers of IL-17(+) or IFN-γ(+) CD4(+) T cells per colon were less in mice receiving Daikenchuto than in mice that received control feed, as both groups received naive CD4(+) T cells to induce colitis.
IL23 responsive ILC have been implicated in the pathogenesis of colitis in several innate murine models through the production of IL17, IFNγ, and GM-CSF.
Tissue with active colitis had a prominent population of mucosal T helper (T(H)) cells that produced the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-17 (IL-17) but not IL-22, a cytokine involved in mucosal healing.
Compared with the control group, TNBS‑treated mice had significantly higher secretion of IL‑17, higher DAI scores, a lower ratio of Treg, reduced colon lengths and higher histological scores for colon inflammation.
Antibody-mediated blockade of interleukin-17 (IL-17) as well as the receptor for IL-23, a key cytokine amplifying T(H)17 responses, inhibits ETBF-induced colitis, colonic hyperplasia and tumor formation.
Therefore, our results demonstrated that consumption of HSD <i>per se</i> triggered a histologically detectable inflammation in the colon and also exacerbated chemically induced models of colitis in mice by a mechanism dependent on IL-17 production most likely by both ILC3 and Th17 cells.
Colitis-associated Batf(-/-) tumours lackedIL-17a(+)IL-23R(+)IL-6(+)CD4(+) T cells, hence displaying characteristics reminiscent of human CRC-infiltrating CD4(+) T cells.
We blocked the IL-17A of the mouse model of TNBS-induced experimental intestinal colitis and fibrosis to further verify the potential inductive effect of IL-17A on EMT in vivo.
In this study, we investigated the role of CD30L in the development of colitis experimentally induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), in which IL-17A is involved in the pathogenesis.
Transfer of CD101(-/-) T cells caused more severe colitis and was associated with an expansion of IL-17-producing T cells and an enhanced expression of IL-2Rα/β independently of FoxP3.
Treatment of C3H.IL-10(-/-) mice with fenofibrate delayed the onset of colitis, decreased the colonic histopathology score, and decreased colonic expression of genes encoding the inflammatory cytokines interferon-gamma and interleukin (IL)-17.