IL-2 in combination with chemotherapeutic agents such as flavone acetic acid, dacarbazine, and cyclophosphamide have also been studied in patients with metastatic melanoma.
Treatment with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) plus interleukin-2 can mediate the regression of metastatic melanoma in approximately half of patients.
These observations provide evidence that the responsiveness of MM to immunotherapy with IL-2 is associated with certain HLA types, suggesting an important role of HLA-restricted T lymphocytes for IL-2-induced tumour regression.
This study aimed to determine the feasibility of producing patient-specific, interleukin-2 (IL-2)-secreting tumor cell vaccines for the treatment of metastatic melanoma.
The infusion of TIL586 along with interleukin (IL) 2 into an autologous patient with metastatic melanoma resulted in the objective regression of tumor.
Furthermore, we have found an association between the presence of N-ras mutations and clinical response to immunotherapy with interleukin-2 plus interferon in a group of stage IV melanoma patients.
A consecutive series of 409 patients with either metastatic melanoma or renal cancer who were treated with high-dose bolus IL-2 in the Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, between September 1985 and November 1996 have been analyzed with a median potential follow-up of 7.1 years.
These tumor-reactive IL-2 transductants may be valuable for in vitro studies and for improved adoptive transfer therapies for patients with metastatic melanoma.
This study was conducted to determine whether reactivity to melanoma cells of pretreatment peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with metastatic melanoma correlated with subsequent response to treatment with interleukin-2 (IL-2).
These findings provide a foundation for the development of clinical efforts to adoptively transfer melanoma-specific tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes transduced with an IL-2 retroviral vector for the treatment of patients with metastatic melanoma to evaluate the fate and therapeutic effect of these IL-2 gene-modified antitumor T lymphocytes in vivo.
Two clinical trials were conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy and immunologic impact of vaccination against the tyrosinase protein plus systemic interleukin 2 (IL-2) administration in patients with advanced metastatic melanoma.
Despite increasing use of "targeted therapy," interleukin-2 (IL-2) is unique, because this cytokine can induce long-term remissions in 5% to 7% of patients with metastatic melanoma and renal cancer.
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with ex vivo expanded tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in combination with IL-2 is an effective treatment for metastatic melanoma.
Part II of this continuing medical education article will discuss the treatment options for stage IV melanoma, including novel therapies, such as ipilimumab and vemurafenib; established therapies, including high-dose interleukin-2, conventional chemotherapy, and biochemotherapy; and additional therapies currently under investigation in the form of clinical trials.
Thirty-three patients with metastatic melanoma were treated in a cell dose-escalation trial of autologous TILs transduced with a gene encoding a single-chain IL12 driven by a nuclear factor of the activated T cells promoter (NFAT.IL12).No IL2 was administered.
Of note, we had previously reported a similar phenomenon in patients with metastatic melanoma who failed high dose interleukin-2 and were then placed on a finite course of temozolomide with rapid complete responses that have remained durable for many years after discontinuation of temozolomide.