Total serum cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I), apolipoprotein B (apo B), and lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) were analysed in 879 14- and 17-year-old healthy adolescents (477 boys and 402 girls), and related to family history of cardiovascular disease, early feeding, weight and length at birth, and physical growth during infancy and childhood.
These results indicate that soy protein, with different amounts of isoflavones, may decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease via improved blood lipid profiles, and that the mechanism by which apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins were depressed may be via alterations in LDL receptor quantity or activity.
Apolipoprotein(B) [apo(B)] reflects the total mass of atherogenic particles (VLDL, IDL, and LDL), and its increase is associated with cardiovascular disease independently of LDL cholesterol (LDLc) levels.
A positive family history for cardiovascular disease also showed a direct and significant correlation to total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein B.
Two hundred and thirty-five patients selected for having severe hypercholesterolaemia and a family history of cardiovascular disease were classified as FH (57 men and 38 women) or non-FH (84 men and 56 women) according to a genetic analysis of the LDL-R or ApoB genes.
Other key aspects of lipoprotein metabolism and cardiovascular disease risk such as apolipoprotein B-100, the LDL receptor, apolipoprotein C-III or apolipoprotein (a) will be updated.
Thus, passive immunization against MDA-modified apoB-100 peptide sequences may represent a novel therapeutic approach for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease.
Familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH) is characterized by elevated levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and apolipoprotein B (apo B) and is associated with premature cardiovascular disease (CVD).
The associations between lower levels of autoantibodies against the apo B-100 p45 sequence and cardiovascular disease are in agreement with previous experimental studies demonstrating that these antibodies have atheroprotective effects.
Hypertriglyceridemia is an independent risk factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases, and we have previously reported that oral administration of a grape seed procyanidin extract (GSPE) drastically decreases plasma levels of triglycerides (TG) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) in normolipidemic rats, with a concomitant induction in the hepatic expression of the nuclear receptor small heterodimer partner (NR0B2/SHP).
Recent data demonstrate that apolipoprotein B (apo B) is a better measure of circulating LDL particle number (LDL-P) concentration and is a more reliable indicator of risk than LDL-C, and there is growing support for the idea that addition of apo B measurement to the routine lipid panel for assessing and monitoring patients at risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) would enhance patient management.
The present review examines, with focus on general population studies, apolipoprotein B levels as a predictor of ischemic cardiovascular disease, as well as the association of mutations and polymorphisms in APOB with plasma apolipoprotein B levels, and risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease.
The extracellular matrix proteoglycan biglycan (BGN) is involved in cardiovascular disease pathophysiology, as it mediates the subendothelial retention of atherogenic apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins, affects adaptive remodeling after myocardial infarction, and exerts proinflammatory effects in macrophages.
Homozygous autosomal dominant hypercholesterolaemia (hoADH), an orphan disease caused by mutations in low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), apolipoprotein B (APOB), or proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9), is characterized by elevated plasma low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and high risk for premature cardiovascular disease (CVD).
Subjects with ≥32 tandem repeats on both HO-1 alleles compared with the rest of the population (recessive trait) featured substantially increased cardiovascular disease risk (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval], 5.45 [2.39, 12.42]; P<0.0001), enhanced atherosclerosis progression (median difference in atherosclerosis score [interquartile range], 2.1 [0.8, 5.6] versus 0.0 [0.0, 2.2] mm; P=0.0012), and a trend toward higher levels of oxidized phospholipids on apolipoprotein B-100 (median oxidized phospholipids/apolipoprotein B level [interquartile range], 11364 [4160, 18330] versus 4844 [3174, 12284] relative light units; P=0.0554).
Postprandial triglycerides, TG-rich lipoprotein triglycerides, retinyl palmitate and apolipoprotein B48 to B100 ratio were measured before (following a 12-hour fasting period) and after a fat-tolerance test meal in a middle-aged, biracial subcohort without CVD (coronary heart disease (CHD) or stroke) from the community-based Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study in 1990-1993.
The effect of KJM on new lipid targets of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is also unknown.<b>Objective:</b> This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effect of KJM on LDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B.<b>Design:</b> Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Central databases were searched.
A thorough evaluation of clinical data by the expert working group resulted in recommendations to consider non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), apolipoprotein B (apoB), remnant cholesterol and lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) as biomarkers of residual CV risk in patients with CVD.
Increased serum triglyceride and apolipoprotein B (apoB) levels and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases.