Antibody-induced cell injury and the response to cell death amplify the loss of self-tolerance, which most likely helps to perpetuate GPCR-mediated autoimmunity.
In this Review, the effects of functional GPCR-targeting autoantibodies on the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including rheumatic diseases, are discussed.
Inspired by its natural substrate, an array of artificial sphingolipid derivatives has been developed to target this specific G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) in an attempt to suppress autoimmune disorders.
Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P<sub>1</sub>R), a member of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family, is an attractive protein target for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, and a diverse array of S1P<sub>1</sub>R agonists have been developed.