Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) is an enzyme involved in the metabolism of fatty acids and is an important tissue biomarker in the prostate to distinguish normal glands from prostate cancer.
AMACR was the best single marker of prostate cancer but in 7 of the 59 total cases the expression of AMACR was not significantly elevated while PSGR and/or PSGR2 were substantially elevated.
Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) is highly overexpressed in prostate cancer (PCa) and its transcriptional regulators include various transcription factors and CTNNB1/β-catenin.
Although these results need to be further clinically validated, we suggest that the presence of T2E transcript, in association with higher AMACR expression, is an indicator of PC risk from a T2E-positive focus or an unsampled malignant gland adjacent to a T2E-positive site in ASAP lesions.
Based on AMACR and survivin combined sensitivity and specificity, these mRNA markers can be used as an adjunct to distinguish patients with and without PCa and in men with PCa may help to identify those with low- or high-risk PCa.
Combined quantitative expression analysis of ERG with two other genes commonly overexpressed in CaP, AMACR and DD3, revealed overexpression of at least one of these three genes in virtually all CaP specimen (54 of 55).
Correction: Exploiting the transcriptional specificity of the alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemaseAMACR promoter for the molecular imaging of prostate cancer.
Despite widely noted heterogeneous nature of PCa, gene expression alterations of AMACR, DD3, and GSTP1 in LCM-derived PCa epithelial cells suggest for common underlying mechanisms in the initiation of PCa.
Further improvement was achieved by multivariate logistic regression analysis, which identified novel duplex (TRPM8 and MSMB), triplex (plus AMACR) and quadriplex (plus PCA3) models for the detection of early CaPs (AUC=0.665, 0.726 and 0.741, respectively).
Further, we demonstrate concurrent in situ detection of gene expression, point mutations, and gene fusions of the prostate cancer relevant targets AMACR, AR, TP53, and TMPRSS2-ERG.
Given the roles of AMACR in prognostication and frontline therapeutic regimen of common carcinomas, such as prostate cancer, we explored AMACR immunoexpression status and its clinical significance in NPC patients.
Global expression of AMACR transcripts predicts risk for prostate cancer - a systematic comparison of AMACR protein and mRNA expression in cancerous and noncancerous prostate.
Here, we report that an enzyme downstream from AMACR in the peroxisomal branched chain fatty acid beta-oxidation pathway-D-bifunctional protein (DBP)-is also upregulated in prostate cancer at both mRNA and protein levels, accompanied by increased enzymatic activity.
High alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) is associated with ERG expression and with adverse clinical outcome in patients with localized prostate cancer.
However, promoter deletion analysis identified an 8-bp nonclassic CCAAT enhancer element located approximately 80 bp upstream of the transcriptional initiation site that is responsible for AMACR expression in both prostate cancer cell lines and cell lines of liver origin.