Since detection of PGP9.5 and TH gene transcripts by the "touchdown" PCR was highly specific and sensitive, it might be most informative at present to carry out both PGP9.5 and TH mRNA assays for minimal residual neuroblastoma cells in blood and bone marrow.
RT-PCR analysis of compounds of catecholamine metabolism (in particular tyrosine hydroxylase, TH) is widely used for the detection of contaminating neuroblastoma cells in hematopoietic stem cell preparations.
The expressed recombinant PTD-TH with a molecular weight of 61 kD was successfully transduced (1 microM) into the dopaminergic SH-sy5y human neuroblastoma cells in vitro and visualized by immunohistochemical assay.
Analysis in an inducible neuroblastoma cell culture model demonstrated altered tyrosine hydroxylase activity in the presence of the mutant but not wildtype torsinA protein.
Taken together, these results indicate that GDNF up-regulates the expression of the TH gene by promoting the transcription of the TH gene and the stability of TH mRNA with the Ret receptor dependency in some neuroblastoma cell lines.
Seven NB cell lines and 30 bone marrow (BM) samples from patients with high-risk NB were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for MYCN expression, and for the established NB marker tyrosine hydroxylase.
In a tyrosine hydroxylase MYCN (TH-MYCN) neuroblastoma mouse model, immunohistochemical staining revealed strong nuclear TRIM16 expression in differentiating ganglia cells but not in the tumor-initiating cells.
Flow cytometry (FCM) with CD45/CD56/CD81 and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR) for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) transcripts were used to evaluate neuroblastoma in bilateral BM aspirates at diagnosis, BM autografts, peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) collections, and CD34(+) cell products of 27 children.
After first determining neurite elongation and expression levels of tyrosine hydroxylase and high size neurofilament as useful differentiation markers, we observed that TSA increased neuroblastoma cell differentiation, while sirtinol had the antagonistic effect of decreasing it.
By this method, the sequence of TH was detected clearly in the neuroblastoma tissues of all 6 patients and not detected in the bone marrow cells of any of the 9 negative control children.
Molecular detection of tyrosine hydroxylase in the peripheral blood of patients with neuroblastoma: useful at diagnosis but not predictive of subsequent relapse during off-therapy follow-up.
We report that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibition in murine neuroblastoma (driven by a tyrosine hydroxylase-MYCN transgene) led to decreased tumor mass and decreased levels of Mycn protein without affecting levels of MYCN mRNA.
Mixtures of NB-1691 NB cells and CD34(+) hematopoietic cells purged by this method showed no evidence of viable tumor cells as assessed by clonogenic assays or reverse transcription-PCR for the NB cell markers tyrosine hydroxylase and N-MYC.
We investigated whether detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) in peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) by using tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression could predict outcome of patients with advanced neuroblastoma.
Also, after "purging," RNA for neuroblastoma cell markers (tyrosine hydroxylase, synaptophysin, and N-MYC) was undetectable by reverse transcription-PCR.
Classic neuroblastoma (NB) and its more highly differentiated stroma-rich subtypes, extra-adrenal sympathetic paraganglioma, and pheochromocytoma were examined for the presence of the developmentally characterized gene products NSE, S-100, CD44, Bcl-2, HNK-1, PNMT, TrkA, IGF2, and tyrosine hydroxylase.
Expression of the tyrosine hydroxylase gene (TH) is regulated in a tissue-specific manner during neonatal development and differentiation, therefore TH mRNA expression is a specific tumour marker for NB.
We used embryonal carcinoma (EC) and neuroblastoma (NB) cell lines and found that lovastatin promoted apoptosis and induced expression of the neuronal differentiation markers, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and growth-associated protein 43.
We demonstrate the induction of protective immunity against syngeneic murine NXS2 neuroblastoma in A/J mice following vaccination with tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-derived antigens.
New splicing variants for human Tyrosine Hydroxylase gene with possible implications for the detection of minimal residual disease in patients with neuroblastoma.