We determined that the RNASEL variant Arg462Gln has three times less enzymatic activity than the wildtype and is significantly associated with prostate cancer risk (P = 0.007).
Thus, germline mutations in RNASEL may be of diagnostic value, and the 2-5A pathway might provide opportunities for developing therapies for those with prostate cancer.
Here, we screened for RNASEL germline mutations in 66 Finnish patients with HPC, and we determined the frequency of the changes in the index patients from 116 families with HPC, in 492 patients with unselected prostate cancer (PRCA), in 223 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and in 566 controls.
Mutations in ribonuclease L gene do not occur at a greater frequency in patients with familial prostate cancer compared with patients with sporadic prostate cancer.
We screened for RNASEL germline mutations in familial prostate cancer patients, and performed a case-control study to examine the association of specific variants with prostate cancer risk in the Japanese.
This monograph reviews the biochemistry and genetics of RNase L as it relates to the pathobiology of prostate cancer and considers implications for future screening and therapy of this disease.
We analyzed 39 clinical prostate cancer specimens, 10 prostate cancer xenografts (LuCaP series), and 4 prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP, DU145, PC-3, and MPC-3) for genetic changes using denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography and direct sequencing in order to screen the whole coding regions of RNASEL and MSR1, as well as exons 7 and 17 of ELAC2.
Considering the high quality in genotyping and the size of this study, these results provide solid evidence against a major role of RNASEL in prostate cancer etiology in Sweden.
Although an increasing number of studies report an association between the RNASELG1385A variant and prostate cancer risk; this variant does not appear to be implicated in the development of breast cancer.
Because 2-5A and RNase L participate in defenses against viral infections and prostate cancer, our findings have implications for basic cellular mechanisms that control major pathogenic processes.
We identified only two sib pairs (1.4% of our families) cosegregating conspicuous RNASEL variants with prostate cancer: the nonsense mutation E265X, and a new amino-acid substitution (R400P) of unknown functional relevance.
Taken together, our analysis does not support a role for the RNASEL471delAAAG Ashkenazi mutation nor for the other alterations detected in RNASEL in prostate cancer risk in Jewish men.
Because mutations in RNase L have been implicated as risk factors for prostate cancer, we sought to determine if OAS activators are present in prostate cancer cells.
These include the ELAC2 (HPC2), MSR1, and RNASEL (HPC1) genes that have germline mutations in familial prostate cancer; AR, ATBF1, EPHB2 (ERK), KLF6, mitochondria DNA, p53, PTEN, and RAS that have somatic mutations in sporadic prostate cancer; AR, BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2 (RAD53), CYP17, CYP1B1, CYP3A4, GSTM1, GSTP1, GSTT1, PON1, SRD5A2, and VDR that have germline genetic variants associated with either hereditary and/or sporadic prostate cancer; and ANXA7 (ANX7), KLF5, NKX3-1 (NKX3.1), CDKN1B (p27), and MYC that have genomic copy number changes affecting gene function.
We examined polymorphisms within ELAC2 (S217L, A541T, E622V), MSR1 (P275A, R293X, aIVS5-59c), and RNASEL (E265X, R462Q, D541E) in 150 European-Americans with metastatic prostate cancer and 170 prostate cancer-free controls using pyrosequencing assays.
This suggests that among Caucasians, positive association between higher trans-fatty acid consumption and prostate cancer may be modified by the functional RNASEL variant R462Q.
We recently reported identification of a previously undescribed gammaretrovirus genome, xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus (XMRV), in prostate cancer tissue from patients homozygous for a reduced activity variant of the antiviral enzyme RNase L. Here we constructed a full-length XMRV genome from prostate tissue RNA and showed that the molecular viral clone is replication-competent.