The selective detection of the TSC2 mutation within the glial component of a ganglioglioma suggests that the glioma portion has undergone clonal evolution in this case.
The present case is unusual in four aspects: (i) it arose from a low-grade ganglioglioma in the absence of previous radiation or chemotherapy, which is the fourth reported case; (ii) the original tumor showed a high proliferative index on flow cytometry but a low Ki-67 labeling index, implying that the application of flow cytometry might play a certain role in predicting biological and clinical behavior of low grade gangliogliomas; (iii) p53 mutation and deletion appeared in the secondary glioblastoma, which was not shown in the original well-differentiated ganglioglioma; and (iv) the transformed glioblastoma showed p16 inactivation detected by methylation and deletion, which are relatively uncommon genetic events in secondary glioblastomas.
The present case is unusual in four aspects: (i) it arose from a low-grade ganglioglioma in the absence of previous radiation or chemotherapy, which is the fourth reported case; (ii) the original tumor showed a high proliferative index on flow cytometry but a low Ki-67 labeling index, implying that the application of flow cytometry might play a certain role in predicting biological and clinical behavior of low grade gangliogliomas; (iii) p53 mutation and deletion appeared in the secondary glioblastoma, which was not shown in the original well-differentiated ganglioglioma; and (iv) the transformed glioblastoma showed p16 inactivation detected by methylation and deletion, which are relatively uncommon genetic events in secondary glioblastomas.
The present case is unusual in four aspects: (i) it arose from a low-grade ganglioglioma in the absence of previous radiation or chemotherapy, which is the fourth reported case; (ii) the original tumor showed a high proliferative index on flow cytometry but a low Ki-67 labeling index, implying that the application of flow cytometry might play a certain role in predicting biological and clinical behavior of low grade gangliogliomas; (iii) p53 mutation and deletion appeared in the secondary glioblastoma, which was not shown in the original well-differentiated ganglioglioma; and (iv) the transformed glioblastoma showed p16 inactivation detected by methylation and deletion, which are relatively uncommon genetic events in secondary glioblastomas.
The authors report here the first unequivocal case of a ganglioglioma harboring aberrant TP53 product that was expressed predominantly in the neuronal component.
However, DCX was less intensely expressed in the circumscribed group of tumors (pilocytic astrocytoma, n=6; ependymoma/subependymoma, n=7; dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor, n=4; ganglioglioma, n=2; meningioma, n=9; and schwannoma, n=9).
Direct analysis demonstrated loss of p19 expression and p53 mutation in the malignant areas, highly suggestive of these alterations being involved in the malignant progression of the ganglioglioma.
Direct analysis demonstrated loss of p19 expression and p53 mutation in the malignant areas, highly suggestive of these alterations being involved in the malignant progression of the ganglioglioma.
By using the human androgen receptor gene (HUMARA) assay, we found the ganglioglioma and the malignant component to be clonal in origin, suggestive of initial transformation of a single neuroglial precursor cell with subsequent malignant progression.
Direct analysis demonstrated loss of p19 expression and p53 mutation in the malignant areas, highly suggestive of these alterations being involved in the malignant progression of the ganglioglioma.
Direct analysis demonstrated loss of p19 expression and p53 mutation in the malignant areas, highly suggestive of these alterations being involved in the malignant progression of the ganglioglioma.
Direct analysis demonstrated loss of p19 expression and p53 mutation in the malignant areas, highly suggestive of these alterations being involved in the malignant progression of the ganglioglioma.
Direct analysis demonstrated loss of p19 expression and p53 mutation in the malignant areas, highly suggestive of these alterations being involved in the malignant progression of the ganglioglioma.
Direct analysis demonstrated loss of p19 expression and p53 mutation in the malignant areas, highly suggestive of these alterations being involved in the malignant progression of the ganglioglioma.
BRAFV600E mutation, a genetic abnormality seen in a significant percentage of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas and GGs, was assessed by polymerase chain reaction and identified in the tumor.
In this multi-institutional study, 98 cases originally diagnosed as ganglioglioma were analyzed for IDH1 mutations, 86 of which had follow-up data available.
We assessed clinicopathological features of nine cases of low-grade GG to further elucidate the relationship between the status of the MGMT protein expression and the prognosis.