In conclusion, HBV infection may contribute to a higher risk for GC based on the meta-analysis and to the morphological atypia of gastric epithelium by the histological assessment, and GC patients among HBV carriers showed lower expression of PD-L1 may lose the chance for immune checkpoint blockade therapy.
Subgroup analysis based on cancer type suggested that PD-L1rs4143815 C > G might increase the susceptibility to gastric cancer (G vs. C: OR = 1.842, 95% CI: 1.403-2.418, p < 0.001) and bladder cancer (G vs. C: OR = 2.015, 95% CI: 1.556-2.608, p < 0.001), and genotype GG carriers of PD-L1rs4143815 C > G might have higher risks of HCC (GG vs. CG + CC: OR = 2.226 95% CI: 1.562-3.172, p < 0.001).
In summary, we identified mutations associated with elevated PD-L1 expression that facilitate the development of better prognostic biomarkers for GC, and might offer insight into the underlying tumor biology.
As a new nova of anti-tumor therapy, immunotherapy has been shown to be effective in many tumors of which PD-1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies has been proofed to increase overall survival rate in advanced gastric cancer (GC).
We found that tumor PD-L1 positivity was associated with loss of ARID1A and showed trend toward better survival of patients with various molecular subtypes of GC (experimental set, n = 273).
Our data indicated that blocking IL-8 derived from GCMSCs may overcome the immune escape induced by PD-L1 in GC cells and provide a potential strategy to enhance the immunotherapy efficiency in GC.
We compared IHC staining of PD-L1 in gastric cancer (GC) by using three commercially available antibody clones, and analyzed the correlation with the prognosis.
This suggests that the total number of PD-L1-expressing cells, including tumor and immune cells, is a more sensitive prognostic biomarker than the number of PD-L1-expressing tumor cells in GC.
<b>Conclusion:</b> PD-L1 monoclonal antibody-conjugated immunoliposomes have immense potential to be applied as a next-generation nanomedicine for PD-L1-positive gastric cancers.
PD-L1+/CD8High type accounted for majority of EBV+ and MSI-high (MSI-H) GCs (92.0% and 66.7%, respectively), and genome analysis from public datasets demonstrated similar pattern.
In conclusion, combined markers of PD-L1 and MSI or CD8+ TILs may be more useful prognostic biomarkers in gastric cancer, and better clarify the immune status of gastric cancer patients.
However, the tumor microenvironment of gastric cancer is very complex and the association of PD-L1 with the tumor microenvironment in gastric cancer is still not clear.