Here, we show that skin-specific expression of B7-H1 accelerates inflammatory carcinogenesis in a methylcholantrene (MCA)-induced model of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).
Taken together, these findings suggest that a local tumor-specific and potentially MCPyV-specific immune response drives tumor PD-L1 expression, similar to previous observations in melanoma and head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.
Expression of PD-L1 in tumor specimens was significantly higher for women than for men, for never smokers than for smokers, and for patients with adenocarcinoma than for those with squamous cell carcinoma.
Squamous cell carcinomas (8.1%) and large cell carcinomas (12.1%) showed high PD-L1 expression more commonly than adenocarcinomas (5.1%) but this was not statistically significant (p=0.072).
This study investigated the expression of PD-L1 in surgically resected stage I pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) and correlated it with TILs in tumour microenvironments, common driver mutations, and clinical outcomes.
Recurrent copy number gain of the genes encoding the PD-1 ligands provides a genetic basis for PD-L1 expression in a subset of cervical and vulvar SCCs and identifies a class of patients that are rational candidates for therapies targeting PD-1.
In the present study, expression of PD-L1 and PD-1 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 80 patients with predominantly HPV-negative oral squamous cell carcinomas and associated nodal metastasis.
The in vivo expression of the B7-H1 and B7-DC receptors in oral squamous cell carcinomas suggest that general mechanisms for immune evasion of tumors are also found in OSCC.
Furthermore, we uncovered AKT-dependent lymphocyte-induced PD-L1 upregulation on SCCs, which was contributed greatly by combinatorial effects of CD8+ T and NK cells.
Our study found substantial inconsistencies for the percentages of cells staining positive for PD-L1 among different tissue microarray cores in many cases of both adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.
Distinct patterns of infiltrating CD8+ T cells in HPV+ and CD68 macrophages in HPV- oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas are associated with better clinical outcome but PD-L1 expression is not prognostic.
The 5-year survival rate of patients was 70%, and the difference in the 5-year survival rate according to PD-L1 expression was not statistically significant (high expression group [67%] vs. low expression group [68%]); however, the squamous cell carcinoma group exhibited significantly lower 5-year survival rates as compared to the non-squamous cell carcinoma group (53 and 71%, respectively; p = 0.026).
P16 and PD-L1 indicate radiosensitivity, whereas survivin and c-Met implicate radioresistance in primarily (chemo)irradiated head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.
The PD-L1 expression rate was similar in the squamous cell component of ASCs and lung SCC (38.89% vs. 28.92%, P = 0.293), so does the adenocarcinoma component of ASCs and lung adenocarcinomas (11.11% vs 13.53%, P = 1.000).
Finally, combined analysis of all eight biomarkers showed that tumor PD-L1 positivity overlapped with known alterations in NSCLC oncogenic tumor drivers in 26% of SCC and 76% of AD samples.Our illustration of the eight biomarkers' overlap provides an intuitive overview of NSCLC for personalized therapeutic strategies using anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immune therapies, either as single agents, or in combination with targeted therapies.
We examined TAM subsets and their production of immune suppressive molecules (IL-10 and PD-L1) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from three OSCC patients by flow cytometry.