A higher average number of mutations were observed in right versus left colorectal cancer (P < .01), with 13 of 14 BRAF mutations located in right colon cancer.
Somatic mutations of the BRAF gene, causing constitutive activation of BRAF, have been found in various types of human cancers such as malignant melanoma, and colorectal cancer.
The US FDA approved a liquid biopsy test for EGFR activating mutations in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as a companion diagnostic for therapy selection. ctDNA also allows for the identification of mutations selected by treatment such as EGFR T790M in NSCLC. ctDNA can also detect mutations such as KRAS G12V in colorectal cancer and BRAFV600E/V600K in melanoma.
The strong negative prognostic impact of BRAF mutation was confirmed in right-/left-sided metastastic colorectal cancer, reaching significance in LPTl.
The prognostic impact of CDX2 correlates with the underlying mismatch repair status and BRAF mutational status but not with distant metastasis in colorectal cancer.
In colorectal cancer, KRAS (exons 2, 3, and 4) and NRAS (exons 2, 3, and 4) mutations are associated with resistance to antiepidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies, and BRAF mutation is a molecular marker of poor prognosis.
Clinical performance evaluation of the Idylla NRAS-BRAF mutation test on retrospectively collected formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded colorectal cancer tissue.
Inhibition of EGFR, HER2, and HER3 signalling in patients with colorectal cancer wild-type for BRAF, PIK3CA, KRAS, and NRAS (FOCUS4-D): a phase 2-3 randomised trial.
This clinical trial evaluated BRAF and EGFR inhibition with dabrafenib (D) + panitumumab (P) ± MEK inhibition with trametinib (T) to achieve greater MAPK suppression and improved efficacy in 142 patients with <i>BRAF</i><sup>V600E</sup> colorectal cancer.
Clinical Validation of Newly Developed Multiplex Kit Using Luminex xMAP Technology for Detecting Simultaneous RAS and BRAF Mutations in Colorectal Cancer: Results of the RASKET-B Study.
BRAF was mutated in 7.6% (484 of 6353) of colorectal cancer and 9.1% (29 of 317) of SBA samples, but V600E mutations were much less common in SBA, representing only 10.3% (3 of 29) of BRAF-mutated cases.
This phase 1 study determined the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), safety, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles, and preliminary anti-tumour activity of binimetinib in patients with advanced solid tumours, with expansion cohorts of patients with biliary cancer or KRAS- or BRAF-mutant colorectal cancer.
It has been suggested that SSA/P in the proximal colon are a precursor lesion of pathogenesis of colorectal cancer and are characterized by BRAF mutation and a CpG island methylator phenotype with or without microsatellite instability.