Gene therapy to the penile corpora cavernosa of cDNAs expressing PnNOS or eNOS, or counteracting PIN, has been effective in ameliorating ED in the aging rat model that exhibits both neurogenic ED and CVOD. cDNA constructs for other genes involved in the control of penile erection have also been successfully tested.
To test the hypothesis that MSCs alone or endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-modified MSCs can be used for treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED), syngeneic rat MSCs (rMSCs) were isolated, ex vivo expanded, transduced with adenovirus containing eNOS, and injected into the penis of aged rats.
In contrast, chronic alcohol administration changed the ultrastructures of the CC and suppressed eNOS expression, thereby leading to erectile dysfunction.
Downregulation of the expression of the P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y4, and P2Y6 receptors that reduces the ratio of phosphorylated eNOS/eNOS and eNOS activity may be one of the important mechanisms of erectile dysfunction caused by low androgen status.
Putative gene therapy interventions to restore eNOS expression and subsequent endothelial function may represent an exciting new therapeutic strategy for the future treatment of ED.
Electromagnetic cylinder ESWT device resulted in increased VEGF, nNOS, and eNOS expression; reduced smooth muscle atrophy; and increased endothelial cell regeneration in a DM-associated ED model.
The decrease in the expression of endothelial NOS and NOS activity in penile cavernous tissue caused by systemic inflammatory and oxidative stress status induced by exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> may be one of the important risk factors of erectile dysfunction.
The diabetic control group showed higher cGMP production level transcription and protein levels of eNOS and DKK3 and lower production levels of AGEs and miR-328 than the diabetic ED and diabetic ED+NC groups.