We found that, compared with corresponding noncancerous liver tissues, PTTG1 was remarkably overexpressed in HCCs (PTTG1/beta-actin; 0.443 +/- 0.073 vs. 0.068 +/- 0.007; P < .0001).
Moreover, mRNA levels for the beta-gal gene in infected cells were significantly increased in both LoVo and SMMC7721 cells by 5-FU and HU treatment in contrast to the inhibition of viral DNA replication and the unchanged mRNA levels for alpha-actin gene.
We evaluated the expression level of MMR genes in 33 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases using the multiplex reverse transcription (RT) PCR assays, as well as in 16 cases of normal adjacent hepatic tissues. beta-actin gene was used as an internal control and calibrator for quantification of gene expression.
Fibrosis in PDGF-C transgenic mice, as demonstrated by staining and hydroxyproline content, is preceded by activation and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells, as shown by collagen, alpha-smooth muscle actin and glial fibrillary acidic protein staining and between 8 and 12 months of age is followed by the development of liver adenomas and hepatocellular carcinomas.
Recently, we have reported that PR-39 gene transduction altered invasive activity and actin structure of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, suggesting that this peptide affects cellular signaling due to its proline-rich motif.
These results suggest that PR-39 has functions involved in the suppression of motile activity and alteration of actin structure on human hepatocellular carcinoma cells in addition to the suppression of invasive activity which might result from the induction of syndecan-1 expression.
The homologous proteins are: KH domain-containing protein overexpressed in cancer (Koc); zipcode binding protein, a protein which binds to a conserved nucleotide element in chicken beta-actin mRNA (ZBP1); and a protein which binds to a promoter cis element in Xenopus laevis TFIIIA gene (B3). p62 protein is cytoplasmic in location, and autoantibodies were found in 21% of a cohort of HCC patients.
The mean p27Kip1 mRNA expression levels (ratio of p27Kip1/beta-actin mRNA) were significantly lower in hepatocellular carcinomas than in non-cancerous liver tissues (0.49 +/- 0.24 versus 0.57 +/- 0.22, P < 0.05). p27Kip1 mRNA expression was reduced in 11 (52%) of the 21 hepatocellular carcinomas when compared with the surrounding non-cancerous liver tissues.
Expression of CMAR was assessed by quantitative PCR using beta-actin as an internal standard.A 4 b.p. insertion polymorphism at nucleotide 241 of the CMAR coding region was then investigated using extracted RNA to assess the relationship between the expression of variant mRNA of CMAR and HCC carcinogenesis.
DNA MTase mRNA levels were significantly higher in liver tissue showing chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis (DNA MTase mRNA/beta-actin mRNA ratio = 0.30 +/- 0.22, n = 24, P < 0.01) than in normal liver tissue either from patients with liver metastatic lesions of colonic cancer (0.14 +/- 0.05, n = 6) or from patients with HCCs (0.16 +/- 0.07, n = 3).