RESULTS We found that the key predictive targets of CC against CRC were estrogen receptor 2 (ESR2), ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 (ABCG2), breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein (BRCA1), estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), cytochrome p450 19A1 (CYP19A1), and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR).
In this study we assessed the ERβ expression in the intestinal mucosa of FAP patients to verify its possible involvement in tumor progression in colorectal cancer.
The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution and prognostic value of ERβ expression in the intestinal mucosa of patients diagnosed and surgically treated for CRC, and its association with other known prognostic factors.
Estrogen receptor β (ERβ) is the predominant ER in the colorectal epithelium, whose expression is greatly reduced in colorectal cancer compared with normal colon tissue.
ESR2rs1256049 CT/TT genotypes were associated with reduced risk of CRC (odds ratio [OR], 0.7, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.5-1.0), while rs4986938 CT/TT genotypes were associated with increased risk of CRC (OR, 1.5, 95% CI, 1.0-2.1).
Three correlated SNPs in the promoter of ESR2 (rs2987983, rs3020443, and rs2978381) were statistically significant predictors of CRC-specific and overall survival.
Decreased expression of ERβ isoforms was identified in sporadic polyps and in sporadic colorectal cancer as well as in polyps from FAP syndrome patients compared with normal tissues (p < 0.001).
Analysis of the expression of CRC promoting/inhibiting genes in duodenal polyps biopsies demonstrated that different CRC-promoting genes (PCNA, MUC1 and COX-2) were significantly downregulated, whereas CRC-inhibiting genes (ER-β and MUC2) were significantly upregulated after ADI treatment.