Our study indicates that the TH gene is not likely to play a major role in the genetic predisposition to schizophrenia, mood disorders, or alcohol dependence.
However, when the DRD2 and the GABRB3 variants are combined, the risk for alcoholism is more robust than when these variants are considered separately.
The role of cholecystokinin (CCK), CCK-A or CCK-B receptor antagonists in the spontaneous preference for drugs of abuse (alcohol or cocaine) in naive rats.
There was no evidence that two polymorphisms of the 5-HT2A receptor gene and one of the 5-HT2C receptor gene were related to LR or alcoholism in this sample.
Taking into account the high a priori risk of false-positive association findings due to multiple testing, further replication studies are necessary to examine the tentative phenotype-genotype relationship of GABRA6 gene variants and dissocial alcoholism.
This study examined the allele frequencies at the ADH1, ADH2, ADH3 and ALDH2 loci in Alaska Natives entering treatment for alcoholism to determine if allele frequencies at these loci differ among five distinct Alaska Native groups: Yupik and Inupiat Eskimos, Athabascan, Tlingit and Aleut.
It has been suggested that a common functional genetic polymorphism in the COMT gene, which results in 3 to 4-fold difference in COMT enzyme activity, may contribute to the etiology of mental disorders such as bipolar disorder and alcoholism.
Our findings suggest that the investigated GABABR1 variants do not contribute a substantial effect (RR > 3) to the genetic variance of alcohol dependence.
There was no correlation between expression of the p53 gene and age, sex, tobacco intake, alcoholism, and familiar history of cancer or clinical stage of the disease.
Some series of investigations hold promise that a trait marker for a particular subset of alcoholics may be developed, e.g. severe alcoholism and the dopamine D2 receptor gene; the level of reaction to alcoholism in family history-positive alcoholics; beta-endorphin abnormalities in specific family groups of alcoholics; reduced P3 wave event-related potentials as markers and predictors of development of substance abuse in predisposed youths; reduced growth hormone response to apomorphine as a predictor of relapse to alcoholism in early abstinence; abnormal adenylyl cyclase activity in certain defined subgroups of alcoholics; and abnormal platelet monoamine oxidase levels in subjects with a behavioural predisposition to addictive disorders.
For the "alcoholism-free" outcome, we found significant linkage signals at D4S2457, D41651 (both flank ADH3), D11S2359, and D16S47 and significant linkage-disequilibrium signals at D4S2361, FABP2, D11S2359, D19S431 and D19S47-D19S198-D19S601.
The four phenotypes considered were a factor describing medical symptoms of alcohol dependency, a factor describing a psychological profile correlated with susceptibility to alcoholism, monoamine oxidase B (MAOB) activity and an average measurement of the P3 component of event-related potentials (ERP) at the Fp electrode placements.
Three chromosome 4 markers located in a region of 50 cM spanning from GABRB1 to D4S1651 provided Monte Carlo (MC) p-values lower than 0.005, confirming the possible influence of beta 1 GABA receptor and ADH genes in alcoholism.
We observed a significant increase in the number subjects carrying the NAT1* 10 allele of the N-acetyl transferasel (NAT1) gene in controls with a MAST-R score of > or = 4 and in subjects with drug and/or alcohol dependence (p=0.003), compared with controls with a MAST-R <4.
We observed a significant increase in the number subjects carrying the NAT1* 10 allele of the N-acetyl transferasel (NAT1) gene in controls with a MAST-R score of > or = 4 and in subjects with drug and/or alcohol dependence (p=0.003), compared with controls with a MAST-R <4.
Neurotensin receptors in the neurons of the ventral tegmental area facilitate dopamine release, making the neurotensin gene an excellent candidate gene for alcohol dependence and for other behaviors that involve reinforcement.
5-HT2C Cys23Ser allele frequencies and genotypes did not differ among patients with alcohol dependence, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, narcolepsy and normal healthy volunteers.
Low platelet monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) activity and the presence of the Taq1 A1 allele of the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) gene have independently been proposed as 'biological/genetic' markers for alcoholism.