The developed immunosensor is expected to be used to determine AFP and other tumor markers in human plasma in clinical laboratories either for pre-cancer screening or cancer monitoring.
So far, a number of tumour-associated antigens (TAAs), such as heat shock proteins, alpha-fetoprotein, carcino-embryonic antigen and others have been identified in a variety of malignant tumours.
Alpha-fetoprotein producing gastric carcinoma (AFP-PGC) is a rare cancer for which limited data on the clinicopathological features and treatment modalities exist.
Serum miR-182 was positively correlated with serum AFP (P = 0.001), tumor size (P = 0.013), and TNM classification of malignant tumors (TNM) stage (P = 0.003); however, only TNM stage was demonstrated a significant correlation with serum miR-331-3p (P = 0.006).
PEG10 expression was observed in 148 of the 218 HCCs (67.9%) and was significantly correlated with younger age, female, higher Edmondson grade, microvascular invasion, intrahepatic metastasis, higher American Joint Committee on Cancer T-stage, and higher α-fetoprotein level.
Classical biomarkers α-fetoprotein, β-human chorionic gonadotropin and lactate dehydrogenase (AFP, bHCG and LDH) are elevated in only 60% of all testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) patients. microRNAs (miRNAs) are a novel class of useful biomarkers in cancer and miRNAs of the miR-371-3 cluster were proven to be valuable markers for TGCT patients.
The DBS method allowed to dose αFP reliably and consistently for the concentrations commonly employed in clinical settings for the screening of hepatoblastoma, opening new scenarios about conducting cancer screening in overgrowth syndromes.
By applying the approach to 286 hepatocellular tumour samples, they successfully uncover numerous driver aberration regions across the cancer genome, for example, chromosomes 4p and 5q, which harbour many known hepatocellular cancer related genes such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and ectodermal-neural cortex (ENC1).
A genome wide association study of genetic loci that influence tumour biomarkers cancer antigen 19-9, carcinoembryonic antigen and α fetoprotein and their associations with cancer risk.
Although alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is currently the major serologic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it cannot efficiently distinguish this cancer from other forms of liver disease in early diagnosis due to its low sensitivity.
By using the Cancer Targeting Gene-Viro-Therapy strategy, Apoptin, a promising cancer therapeutic gene was inserted into the double-regulated oncolytic adenovirus AD55 in which E1A gene was driven by alpha fetoprotein promoter along with a 55 kDa deletion in E1B gene to form AD55-Apoptin.
The novel approach of AFP enhancer/pgk promoter-driven expression of DN-PP2Acα may provide a useful cancer gene therapy strategy to selectively target HCC.
Fucα1-6 oligosaccharide has a variety of biological functions and serves as a biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma because of the elevated presence of fucosylated α-fetoprotein (AFP) in this type of cancer.
As human alpha-fetoprotein binds retinoids and inhibits estrogen-dependent cancer cell proliferation, and because retinoic acid (a retinol metabolite) and estradiol (an estrogen) can both initiate cellular gene transcription, it is hypothesized here that alpha-fetoprotein functions during critical gestational periods to prevent retinoic acid and maternal estradiol from inappropriately stimulating gene expression in developing brain regions which are sensitive to these chemicals.
The HCC that developed in TNAP-AID mice expressed alpha-fetoprotein and had deleterious mutations in the tumour suppressor gene Trp53, some of which corresponded to those found in human cancer.