Multivariable ordinal logistic regression was used to investigate the association between T2D/insulin and breast cancer characteristics, including TNM classification (tumor size, lymph node status, metastasis), morphology, grade, estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, and molecular subtype.
Further studies found that the high CRYAB and p53 co-expression was also significantly correlated with pathological grade (<i>P</i>=0.024), lymph node metastasis (<i>P</i>=0.000), Distant metastasis (<i>P</i>=0.015), TNM stage (<i>P</i>=0.013), and survival (<i>P</i>=0.000).
Additionally, the protein and mRNA expression levels of metastasis-related genes, including N-cadherin, Vimentin, MMP2 and MMP9, were markedly decreased in the DKK3 and miR-125a inhibitor groups compared to their control groups and markedly increased in the DKK3 shRNA and miR-125a groups compared with the control group.
The ErbB2 receptor tyrosine kinase is overexpressed in approximately 15-20% of breast tumors and associated with aggressive disease and poor clinical outcome. p130Cas represents a nodal scaffold protein regulating cell survival, migration and proliferation in normal and pathological contexts. p130Cas overexpression in ErbB2 human breast cancer correlates with poor prognosis and metastasis formation.
Because these genes are presumably expressed in populations of DTCs and many encode proteins that are known therapeutic targets (e.g., ERBB2), these results also suggest a potential approach for targeted DTC therapy to mitigate distant metastases in TNBC.
Furthermore, we demonstrated that N-glycosylation mutation of EpCAM-mediated invasion and metastasis of breast carcinoma cells required the downregulation of MMP-9 via inhibition of these two signaling pathways.
The ERBB2 mutation status was determined by next generation sequencing and/or pyrosequencing in n = 106 ILBCs, including n = 86 primary or locally recurrent tumors and n = 20 metastases from visceral organs, soft tissue, or skin.
In the subgroup of ERBB2-amplified breast cancers, a high p140Cap status predicts a significantly lower probability of developing a distant event and a clear difference in survival. p140Cap is causal in dampening ERBB2-positive tumor cell progression, impairing tumor onset and growth, and counteracting epithelial mesenchymal transition, resulting in decreased metastasis formation.
Relative to HR+/HER2- subtype, local recurrence was greater in HER2+ metastases (HR 3.20, 95% CI 1.78-5.75, p < 0.001), while patients with TNBC demonstrated higher rates of new brain metastases after initial treatment (HR 3.16, 95% CI 1.99-5.02, p < 0.001) and shorter time to salvage whole brain radiation (WBRT) (HR 3.79, 95% CI 1.36-10.56, p = 0.01) and salvage stereotactic radiation (HR 1.86, 95% CI 1.11-3.10, p = 0.02).
It is reported that oncogenic exosomes contain factors known to regulate the pre-metastatic niche (S100A4, F3, ITGβ5, ANXA1), clinically-relevant proteins which correlate with poor prognosis (CLDN1, MUC1) as well as protein networks involved in various cancer hallmarks including proliferation (CLU, CAV1), invasion (PODXL, ITGA3), metastasis (LAMP1, ST14) and immune surveillance escape (B2M).
Trastuzumab resistance followed by metastasis is a major obstacle for improving the clinical outcome of patients with advanced human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER-2+) breast cancer.
Due to the heterogeneity of breast cancer and possible discordance in HER2 status between primary tumors and distant metastases, assessment of HER2 expression by noninvasive imaging is important.
We studied demographics, tumour characteristics, median distant disease-free survival (DDFS), using a time-to-event analysis and time to progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS) upon metastasis, using Kaplan-Meier and log-rank statistics to assess differences between ERBB2-mutation statuses.
The injection of si-ERβ-transfected U2-OS cells into mice significantly increased the subcutaneous tumor volume; the expression of β-catenin, MMP-7, and MMP-9; and the number of metastatic tumors in liver tissues.
Favorable factors included: triple positive breast cancer [positive hormone receptors and positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2], which is more hormosensitive and chemosensitive; absence of metastasis; correct endometrium preparation; and the patient's optimistic attitude and strict health habits.
The impact of following factors on 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) was studied: age, sex, preoperative 7th nerve palsy, skin infiltration, pT, pN, surgical margin, type of parotidectomy and neck dissection, histology (SDC de novo vs. SDC ex pleomorphic adenoma, SDCexPA), intra/periparotid lymph nodes metastases, perineural invasion (PNI), extraparenchymal extension (EPE), and overexpression HER2.
Therefore, our findings suggest that MIF may promote the invasion and metastasis of OSCC through the activation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and prompt further investigation into the therapeutic value of MIF for OSCC treatment.
Therefore, our findings suggest that MIF may promote the invasion and metastasis of OSCC through the activation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and prompt further investigation into the therapeutic value of MIF for OSCC treatment.
DHPS-dependent hypusination of eIF5A1/2 is necessary for TGFβ/fibronectin-induced breast cancer metastasis and associates with prognostically unfavorable genomic alterations in TP53.
The cytokine-mediated upregulation of metastasis- and inflammatory-associated genes, which are downstream genes of STAT3 including the intercellular adhesion molecule-1, matrix metalloproteinase-9, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclo-oxygenase 2 (COX-2), were also significantly abolished by myricetin treatment.