Demographic, clinical, genetic, biological data [basal and pentagastrine-stimulated calcitonin (CT and CT/Pg, respectively)], and tumor node metastasis (TNM) status were collected.
We demonstrated the presence of both PTHrP and calcitonin in the tumor at the mRNA and protein level, using RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.
In tumor 1, an extensive region including the HRAS1, PTH, CALCA, and D11S151 loci was deleted, while in tumor 2 loss of heterozygosity was limited at the HRAS1 and D11S151 loci.
A high frequency of <i>MGMT</i> (90.9%, 20/22; p=0.019) and <i>CALCA</i> (90.5%, 19/21; p<0.026) methylation was associated with non-seminomatous tumors while CALCA methylation was also associated with refractory disease (47.4%, 09/19; p=0.005).
Pre-operative CT levels correlated independently with tumor size ( P<.0001), number of metastatic LNs ( P<.01), and increased rates of distant metastasis.
Among MTC patients, no significant associations were observed between RET variants and age of diagnosis or tumor size but serum calcitonin levels increased according to the number of risk alleles (P=0.003).
Abundance of calcitonin (CT) and calcitonin receptor (CTR) mRNA in primary prostate tumors positively correlates with tumor grade, and exogenously added CT increases the invasion of prostate cancer cell lines.
Adult patients (> or = 20 years) had MTC significantly more often (84% vs. 43%), significantly larger tumors (5 mm vs. 3 mm), and significantly higher basal calcitonin levels preoperatively (78.0 vs. 9.7 pg/ml) than their pediatric/adolescent counterparts (< 20 years).
Here it is demonstrated that in a rodent orthotopic model of breast cancer (MDA MB 231) there was an increase in nerve fibre innervation into the tumour microenvironment (protein gene product 9.5), which were calcitonin gene related peptide positive C fibre nociceptors.
Posttreatment surveillance of thyroid cancer is done with US of the thyroid bed as well as monitoring of tumor markers such as serum thyroglobulin and serum calcitonin.
The clinical diagnosis of the probands was based on clinical presentation and supported with laboratory findings (calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen tumor marker levels).
These in vitro findings suggest that the combined use of glucocorticoids and calcitonin plays a beneficial role in the treatment of malignancy-associated hypercalcemia, since the steroid hormone can suppress PTHrP mRNA expression and release of bioactive PTHrP in certain PTHrP-producing tumors.
We now demonstrate that the GRP gene is expressed in human thyroidal calcitonin (CT)-containing neuroendocrine cells (C-cells) in an ontogenic pattern similar to its expression in pulmonary neuroendocrine cells and is also expressed at high levels in C-cell hyperplasias and neoplasias (medullary carcinomas of the thyroid).
The tumor tissue from all 17 cases examined was found to exhibit calcitonin and CGRP immunoreactivity, and in 15 of the 17 cases the tumor tissue also contained GRP immunoreactivity.
Regulation of expression of the human calcitonin gene was found to differ between two tumor lines of different tissue origin, medullary thyroid carcinoma (TT line) and small-cell lung carcinoma (DMS53 line).
We investigated 11 cases of MMFC by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization (ISH) to analyse the structural features, the immunophenotypic profile and the calcitonin (CT) and thyroglobulin (TG) gene expression of the neoplasm.
At 6-months follow-up the serum Ctn level decreased from the initial value of 647 pg/mL, reaching near-normal range (15 pg/mL), and neck ultrasound showed a complete necrosis of the tumour.
Immunocytochemistry for calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen as well as flow cytometry for DNA ploidy may be valuable techniques to assess prognosis of these tumors.
Median follow-up was 9.3 years (range 0.3-31.5), median tumor diameter was 1.5 cm (range 0.1-7.5), and preoperative calcitonin was known in 41 patients [median 636 (range 0-9600)].