Three different GRK isoforms (GRK2, GRK5, and GRK3) and two β-adrenoceptors (β1-AR and β2-AR) are present in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and their expression changes as a consequence of the hemodynamic and neurohumoral alterations that occur in some cardiovascular diseases.
The Arg389Gly polymorphism of the ADRB1 gene may be a worthy biological marker to predict the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases given a high-risk atherogenic index.
Various studies suggest an association between beta(1)-adrenoceptor gene polymorphisms (Ser49Gly and Arg389Gly) and cardiovascular disorders, including hypertension, cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure.2.
The human beta(1)-adrenergic receptor, an important therapeutic target in cardiovascular diseases, has 2 common functional polymorphisms (Ser49Gly and Gly389Arg).
The data on the in vitro behaviour of these two receptor variants is reviewed here, along with the evidence that they may affect both the risk of cardiovascular disease and the therapeutic response to beta-1 adrenoceptor antagonists.