Acute induction of insulin receptor knockout in adipocytes changed the substrate preference to fat before induction of a diabetic phenotype including hyperinsulinaemia and hyperglycaemia.
Non-peptidyl small molecule, adenosine, 5'-Se-methyl-5'-seleno-, 2',3'-diacetate, activates insulin receptor and attenuates hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetic Lepr<sup>db/db</sup> mice.
We found that multiple cave populations carry a mutation in the insulin receptor that leads to decreased insulin binding in vitro and contributes to hyperglycaemia.
We found that mice with deletion of the insulin receptor alone showed not only hyperglycemia but also a 70% decrease in plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 and delayed growth during the first 2 months of life, a 24-fold increase in the soluble leptin receptor and a 19-fold increase in plasma leptin levels.
Previously we demonstrated that NEU1 activates the insulin receptor (IR) and that NEU1-deficient CathA<sup>S190A-Neo</sup> mice (hypomorph of the NEU1 activator protein, cathepsin A/CathA) on a high-fat diet (HFD) develop hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance faster than wild-type animals.
Syzygium cumini extract was more efficient than B. forficata in reducing hyperglycaemia, redox disturbances and the changes in mRNA expression of insulin receptor.
The expression of the insulin receptor (IR) signaling cascade, including IR, IR substrate, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, Akt, and glucose transporter 4, was inhibited both in the skeletal muscle and the liver, which might be a main reason for the hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia.
Type B insulin resistance (IR) is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of insulin receptor autoantibodies, resulting in a marked IR inducing hyperglycemia.
Insulin receptor and insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) messenger RNA, known stimulate to membrane translocation of Gluts, were both decreased by the HG condition but not by the NG condition.
Donohue syndrome ([DS]; leprechaunism) describes a genetic autosomal recessive disorder that results from the presence of homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the insulin receptor gene (INSR; 19p13.3-p13.2).Donohue syndrome is associated with a fatal congenital form of dwarfism with features of intrauterine and postnatal growth retardation, exaggerated hyperglycemia with hyperinsulinism and dysmorphic abnormalities.We present a case of DS owing to the rarity of this syndrome (1 case in every million births).
Diet-induced obesity (DIO) in mice developed hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, accompanying with a reduction of insulin receptor (INSR) expression.
Homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations within the insulin binding domain of the human insulin receptor (INSR) are usually associated with severe impairment of insulin binding leading to Donohue syndrome ("Leprechaunism"), which is characterized by excessive hyperglycemia with hyperinsulinism, pre- and postnatal growth retardation, distinct dysmorphism and early death.
We tested the hypothesis that impaired insulin receptor signaling in myocytes worsens cardiac remodeling and function following injury, even in the absence of hyperglycemia.
To evaluate whether hyperglycaemia in two lean patients with primary severe insulin resistance due to insulin receptor (IR) mutations and diabetes mellitus could be reduced by supplement of rosiglitazone for 180 days and secondary, to evaluate the effects on plasma NEFA, TG, Apo B, PAI-1 and serum insulin.
Humans with congenital absence of the islets of Langerhans and mice rendered null for the insulin receptor rapidly develop severe hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis and, if untreated, die in the early neonatal period.
(b) Differences in modulation of the insulin receptor signaling cascade are found with TNF-alpha and high glucose: Hyperglycemia-induced insulin receptor inhibition blocks both insulin receptor-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate proteins.