RNAscope for GPC3 and GS panel was highly specific and sensitive for the pathological identification of dysplastic nodules, early stages of HCCs, and would differentiate them from HCCs and metastatic tumors compared with IHC.
It also was demonstrated that GPC3CAR-T cells displayed potent cytotoxicity against GPC3-positive HCC cell lines in vitro by using real-time cell analyser (RTCA) system and the JuLI™ Stage Cell History Recorder.
In this work, we confirm that RAF1 acts as an oncogene in HCC and further demonstrate that miR-4510 acts as a strong tumour suppressor in the liver by targeting many proto-oncogenes, including GPC3 and RAF1, and subsequently controlling key biological and signalling pathways among which Wnt and RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signals.
Arginase-1 and glypican-3 gene expression studies confirmed that the tumor samples used in our study originate from HCC livers but not non-hepatocellular tumors. mRNA and protein expression of PPM1A and CYP3A4 was found to be significantly repressed in the tumor liver tissues compared to the matched non-tumor liver tissues.
We constructed XCL1-GPC3 fusion molecules as a liver cancer vaccine by linking the XCL1 chemokine to glypican-3 (GPC3), which is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
The plasma concentration of GPC3 could be a predictive marker of tumoral GPC3 expression in patients with HCV-related HCC, suggesting a useful biomarker for immunotherapies targeting GPC3, although larger-scale validations are needed.
The purpose of this study was to develop a target-specific radiofluorinated peptide for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of GPC3 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Codrituzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against Glypican-3 (GPC3), which is expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), was tested in a randomized phase II trial in advanced HCC patients who had failed prior systemic therapy.
Armored Inducible Expression of IL-12 Enhances Antitumor Activity of Glypican-3-Targeted Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Engineered T Cells in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
Treatment of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) using our glypican-3 (GPC3)-targeting human nanobody (HN3) immunotoxins causes potent tumor regression by blocking protein synthesis and down-regulating the Wnt signaling pathway.
To improve specificity, we developed a probe that specifically targets hepatocellular carcinoma by recognizing the biomarker GPC3 on the hepatocellular carcinoma cell membrane.
The positive rates of CK7 and CK19 expression were higher in CHCC group than in HCC group (both P < .001), while the positive rates of Glypican-3 and Hepatocyte expression were higher in CHCC group than in ICC group (both P < .001).
Thus, this study applied two of the most commonly used mouse models for CAR T cell research and demonstrated the clinical potential of combining sorafenib with GPC3-targeted CAR T cells against HCC.
T cells expressing M28z10 or G28z10 showed enhanced and prolonged effector function against MSLN+ lung cancer or GPC3+ hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines in culture and secreted elevated levels of cytokines, including IL-2, IFN-γ, granzyme B, and GM-CSF.
Curcumin suppressed HCC tumor growth through down-regulating GPC3/wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which was partially mediated by activation of autophagy.
This review introduces the results of recent clinical trials targeting GPC3 in HCC and summarizes the latest knowledge regarding the role of GPC3 in HCC progression and clinical application targeting GPC3.
The current findings showed the significance of recognizing distinct GPC3 staining patterns, i.e., diffuse and canalicular, which may reflect different carcinogenetic mechanisms and indicate the level of malignancy of HCC.