To evaluate the association between the alcohol dehydrogenase 1C (ADH1C) Ile350Val and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) Glu504Lys polymorphisms and alcohol dependence in a Turkish sample.
Furthermore, the double-edged sword of ALDH2 gene and genetic polymorphism in alcoholism and alcoholic tissue damage and relevant patents will be discussed.
We investigated whether variation in genes encoding cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) or acetaldehyde-metabolising enzymes (ALDH1A1, ALDH2) might alter the risk of AD, with and without symptoms of anxiety, in a Cape population with mixed ancestry.
The variant aldehyde dehydrogenase allele, ALDH2∗2, consistently has been associated with protection against alcohol dependence, but the mechanism underlying this process is not known.
Direct correlations of blood ethanol and acetaldehyde concentrations, cardiovascular haemodynamic responses, and the subjective perceptions after challenge with low (0.2g/kg) to moderate (0.5g/kg) alcohol in individuals with different ALDH2 genotypes support the notion that full protection against alcoholism byALDH2*2/*2 may derive from either abstinence or deliberate moderation in alcohol consumption due to strong discomfort from physiological and psychological responses caused by persistently elevated blood acetaldehyde after ingestion of a small amount of alcohol, and that the partial protection by ALDH2*1/*2 can be ascribed to significantly lower acetaldehyde build-up in blood and the according adverse reactions.
Data are consistent with the hypothesis that elevations in acetaldehyde, increased sensitivity to alcohol, and lower levels of drinking reflect the mechanism by which the ALDH2*2 allele reduces risk for alcohol dependence.