Several polymorphisms of genes encoding for components of the renin angiotensin system such as the M235T polymorphism in the angiotensinogen gene, the 287-base-pair insertion (I)/deletion (D) polymorphism at intron 16 of the ACE gene, and the A1166C polymorphism in the angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene have been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.
This study shows that genetic variation of the AGT (M235T), but not the ACE (I/D), genotypes contributes to the presence of CHD independently of blood pressure profile in a subset of the Spanish population with a high prevalence of cardiovascular disease.
The insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), the A1166C polymorphism in the angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R), and the M235T polymorphism of the angiotensinogen gene are associated with cardiovascular disease mostly in men.
However, A-T haplotype of G-6A and M235T interacting with homozygous ACE_II (beta=-1.07, P=0.006) and with ACE inhibitors (beta=-1.03, P=0.01) significantly decreased the risk of LEAD in white but not in black participants after adjustment for the selected CVD risk factors.
Our results suggest that in Slovak population, D alelle and M235T variant represent a risk factor for several cardiovascular diseases and these polymorphisms might have a cumulative effect on development of cardiovascular diseases.