After adjustment for covariates, significant association of DR remained with the homozygous genotype of the minor allele for the SNPs rs699947 (odds ratio [OR] = 3.54, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12-11.19), rs833061 (OR = 3.72, 95% CI: 1.17-11.85), rs13207351 (OR = 3.76, 95% CI: 1.21-11.71), and rs2146323 (OR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.46-5.37) in the VEGF gene as well as the SNP rs2071559 (OR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.08-2.41) in the KDR gene.
A significant association of DR was also observed with haplotype ACA, as defined by minor alleles of promoter SNPs rs699947, rs833061, and rs13207351 (OR=1.52, 95% CI: 1.03-2.24), and haplotype GAA, as defined by SNPs rs2010963, rs833069, and rs2146323 (OR=1.62, 95% CI: 1.08-2.41).