Additionally, ALDH2 is involved in the elimination of metabolites of neurotransmitters like 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycoaldehyde (DOPGAL) in the central nervous system (CNS).<b>Areas covered</b>: We examine the role of ALDH2 polymorphism in disease, aging and alcohol addiction and discuss its pharmacological targeting.
The low sensitivity in the present study suggests that a lack of alcohol flushing may play a crucial role in the development of alcohol dependence in women with inactive ALDH2.
Associations among liver disease, serum lipid profile, body mass index, ketonuria, meal skipping, and the ADH1B and ALDH2 genotypes in Japanese men with alcohol dependence.
Our findings demonstrate that these variants, which were highly linked with ALDH2rs671 and ADH1B rs1229984, were significant modulators for AD in our Han Chinese cohort.
Variations in genes affecting alcohol metabolism (ADH1B, ALDH2) are protective against both alcohol dependence and excessive consumption, but different variants are found in different populations.
ALDH2*2 demonstrates its effect on alcohol consumption limiting and alcoholism developing protection, and this variant is recently found to have an important impact on human health.
All 3 traits showed genomewide significant association with variants near ALDH2, with significance ranging from 2.01 × 10<sup>-14</sup> (for flushing; lead single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) PTPN11* rs143894582) to p<sub>meta</sub> = 5.80 × 10<sup>-10</sup> (for alcohol dependence criterion count; lead SNP rs149212747).
We evaluated associations between the presence of fatty liver and ADH1B and ALDH2 genotypes and other factors in 1604 Japanese men who had been admitted for treatment of alcohol dependence.
Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in alcohol-metabolizing genes - ADH1B (Arg47His), ADH1C (Ile350Val) and ALDH2 (Glu504Lys) have been extensively associated with flush reaction and alcoholism.
We find that disulfiram (Antabuse), an ALDH2 inhibitor in widespread clinical use for the treatment of alcoholism, selectively eliminates BRCA1/2-deficient cells.
Individuals who are homozygous for polymorphism in ALDH2 tend to refrain from drinking alcohol, decreasing their chances of developing alcoholism and exposure to the associated risks.
ALDH2rs671 polymorphism is proven to be closely related to the prevalence of CAD, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and alcoholism, which are etiological factors of heart failure.
Although prior studies reported effects of ADH1B and ALDH2 on lifetime measures, such as risk of alcohol dependence, our study adds further evidence of the effect of the same genes on a cross-sectional measure of average drinking.
These results suggest that gene therapy could be a useful tool for the treatment of alcoholism by knocking down ALDH2 expression using shRNA technology delivered by AAV vectors.
Among northeast Asians, the variant aldehyde dehydrogenase allele, ALDH2*2 (rs671, A/G, minor/major), has been inversely associated with alcohol dependence.
We investigated the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ALDH2, which has been associated with alcohol dependence and several types of diseases, and the risk of drug addiction in a Chinese Han population.
Our results describe a new regulatory role of rs886205 in the methylation of ALDH2 promoter region and provide additional insight into the complex regulation of ALDH2 under the condition of alcohol dependence.
The enhanced AER in ADH1B*2 carriers and the increased sAcH levels in ALDH2*1/*2 carriers among intoxicated alcoholics provide possible mechanisms explaining how each genetic polymorphism affects the risk of alcoholism and upper aerodigestive tract cancer.
Certain genetic variants (i.e., alleles)--particularly the ADH1B*2, ADH1B*3, ADH1C*1, and ALDH2*2 alleles--have been associated with lower rates of alcohol dependence.