These results are consistent with previous observations of a paucity of INFgamma and a predominantly type II (Th2-like) pattern of immune response in patients with CFA and suggest a possible imbalance of pro-fibrogenic cytokines in the distal lung of patients with this condition, compared with those with EAA or sarcoid.
The results show that type II epithelial cells in EAA and sarcoid show up-regulation of immunoreactivity for both IL4 and INF-gamma, but that in CFA only IL4 is detectable.
Animal models suggest that HP is facilitated by overproduction of IFN-gamma, and that IL-10 ameliorates severity of the disease, indicating a Th1-type response.
Manganese superoxide dismutase and catalase are coordinately expressed in the alveolar region in chronic interstitial pneumonias and granulomatous diseases of the lung.
Since tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of HP, and polymorphisms in the TNF genes have been associated with variations in the production of TNF-alpha, we investigated the serum bioactivity and genotype of TNF in HP.
We collected 107 MWF isolates of mycobacteria from multiple industrial sites where HP had been diagnosed and identified them to the species level by a molecular method (PCR restriction enzyme analysis [PRA]).
These findings suggest that TAP1 gene polymorphisms are related to HP risk, and highlight the importance of the MHC in the development of this disease.
These findings suggest that TAP1 gene polymorphisms are related to HP risk, and highlight the importance of the MHC in the development of this disease.
Our results show a probable influence of gene polymorphisms, namely IL-4R alpha and IL-10 on ENA-78 BALF levels in sarcoidosis, IL-6 on ENA-78 BALF levels in HP and IL-1-beta on IL-1RA BALF values in the IPF group.
Our results show a probable influence of gene polymorphisms, namely IL-4R alpha and IL-10 on ENA-78 BALF levels in sarcoidosis, IL-6 on ENA-78 BALF levels in HP and IL-1-beta on IL-1RA BALF values in the IPF group.
Our results show a probable influence of gene polymorphisms, namely IL-4R alpha and IL-10 on ENA-78 BALF levels in sarcoidosis, IL-6 on ENA-78 BALF levels in HP and IL-1-beta on IL-1RA BALF values in the IPF group.
Our results show a probable influence of gene polymorphisms, namely IL-4R alpha and IL-10 on ENA-78 BALF levels in sarcoidosis, IL-6 on ENA-78 BALF levels in HP and IL-1-beta on IL-1RA BALF values in the IPF group.