CONCLUSION: Our data show that BMP4 is capable of modulating of SM22-alpha and alpha actin gene expression, indicative of cell dedifferentiation in VSMC.
Inhibition of TGF-β1 receptor kinase in HF MyoFb promotes dedifferentiation of MyoFb with loss of α-smooth muscle actin and depolymerization of stress fibers, and reduces the expression of profibrotic genes and cytokines levels to non-HF levels.
Given the changes in actin status with dedifferentiation, the hypothesis of this study was that adseverin, an actin severing and capping protein, plays a role in regulating chondrocyte phenotype and function.
Ecdysone induced mesenchymal accumulation of extracellular matrix and epithelial dedifferentiation characterized by de novo expression of α-smooth muscle actin.
Chondrocyte culture as a monolayer for cell number expansion results in dedifferentiation whereby expanded cells acquire contractile features and increased actin polymerization status.
To this aim, 21 invasive urothelial cell carcinomas of the renal pelvis and 27 high-grade renal cell carcinomas (8 renal cell carcinomas with sarcomatoid dedifferentiation and 5 type 1 and 7 type 2 papillary renal cell carcinomas as well as 7 collecting duct carcinomas) were stained with antibodies directed against protein gene product 9.5, CD10, vimentin, CEA, p63, CK5/6, CK7, CK20, PAX2, PAX8, CD117 (c-Kit), AE1/3, α-methyl CoA racemase, actin, and desmin.
In addition, KSHV induced the expression of endothelial precursor cell marker (CD133) and mural cell markers (calponin, desmin, and smooth muscle alpha actin), suggesting dedifferentiation and trans-differentiation.
Stable expression of EGFP-K-Ras (V12) down-regulated the activity of Rac1 and RhoA, resulting in reduced subcortical actin filaments and stress fibers, which might contribute to the epithelial dedifferentiation.