Viral infections and innate immunity signaling, especially Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of biliary atresia (BA).
Based on the results of microarray analysis, the protein expression of TLR7 in the liver tissues of BA groups were found to be up-regulated from day 5 comparing to respective NC groups, although it was increased as pups aged in NC groups.
Within the BA group, mRNA levels of TLRs 2 and 8 were significantly higher in the early group than in the late group (P = 0.02 and 0.006, respectively), despite there being no significant correlation between TLR mRNA expression and age at sampling, except for TLR7 (r = 0.77, P = 0.001).