Adseverin (Ads) is a Ca<sup>2+</sup>-dependent actin-capping and severing protein that is highly expressed in gastric, prostate and bladder cancer cells.
A decrease in BC cell adhesion and tumor growth in vivo following PFN downregulation are observed, likely associated with the concomitant downregulation of Fibronectin receptor, Endothelin-1, and Actin polymerization.
However, patients undergoing transurethral bladder resection (TURB) with histological exclusion of BCA had a similar ACTB-106 level and DNA integrity, as patients with BCA.
Together, GTE induced annexin-I expression plays a role in regulating actin remodeling and decreased annexin-I expression is a common event in early stage of bladder cancer development.
Comparison of expression relative to that of beta-actin demonstrated that the level of MT-1X mRNA was overexpressed greatly in bladder cancer as compared to the level in normal bladder tissue.
Different patterns for each marker suggested a developmental sequence of bladder cancer oncogenesis; G-actin was altered in 58% of distant biopsies (vs. 0/6 normals, P < 0.001), ploidy and cytology were altered in < 20% of distant fields and approximately 80% of tumors, and the other markers were intermediate.
To investigate the significance of the functional loss of this gene in bladder cancer, an RB expression plasmid (pBARB) under control of the human beta-actin promoter was transfected into the bladder carcinoma cell line HTB9, which lacks RB expression.