In addition, STC2 gene probably promotes the development and metastasis of breast cancer by interacting with estrogen and ER, and it may become a new direction for breast cancer endocrine therapy.
A 72-year-old woman with estrogen receptor-negative human epidermal growth factor 2-positive breast cancer with distant metastases in the lung was admitted.
<b>Background:</b> Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a breast cancer that tests negative forestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptors, and human epidermal growth factor receptors 2 (HER2).
These results suggest that palbociclib exhibits significant anti-cell growth and anti-CSC activity in not only ER (+) breast cancer cell lines but also ER (-) cell lines.
Tumor HIF-1α-positivity correlated to increased breast cancer mortality, and negative prognostic factors including low age at diagnosis and ER-negativity.
iRGD-guided tamoxifen polymersomes inhibit estrogen receptor transcriptional activity and decrease the number of breast cancer cells with self-renewing capacity.
The majority of women had Estrogen receptor/Progesterone receptor (ER/PR) positive/Her2neu negative (n = 37; 63%), stage I (n = 32, 54%) or II (n = 19, 32%) breast cancer.
The 2010 American Society of Clinical Oncology guidelines have reduced the immunohistochemistry cut-off value for determining estrogen receptor b positivity from 10 to 1% of stained cells in breast cancer.
The addition of adjuvant chemotherapy to hormonal therapy is often considered questionable in patients with estrogen receptor-positive early breast cancer.
Accumulating data suggest these mutations develop under the selective pressure of endocrine treatments, and are infrequent in untreated ER-positive breast cancers.
Recent studies have demonstrated that Brf1 is overexpressed in most ER+ (estrogen receptor positive) cases of breast cancer and the change in cellular levels of Brf1 reflects the therapeutic efficacy and prognosis of this disease.
Women with lower FRP had an increased risk of ER-positive BC associated with consuming ≥ 7 drinks/week (compared to non-regular drinkers), whereas there was no association for women with higher FRP.
<b>Conclusion:</b><i>CYP2D6*10</i> pharmacogenetic-guided selective estrogen receptor modulator can be a cost-effective strategy in the Chinese patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.
After adjusting for age, year at BC diagnosis, stage, positive nodes, and hormone therapy, patients with BC who became pregnant after their cancer diagnosis had lower total mortality than did the comparison group (HR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.23-0.84), including that of estrogen receptor-positive patients (HR = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.07-0.77).
Last two decades has witnessed the discovery of alternate forms of ER-α, as well as other receptors for estrogen such as ERRgamma, GPER-1 as well as ER-β, which are activated not only by estrogen, but also by the therapeutic agents such as tamoxifen that are routinely used in treatment of breast cancer.
Correction to: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analysis of fulvestrant in preclinical models of breast cancer to assess the importance of its estrogen receptor-α degrader activity in antitumor efficacy.