The expression of total estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta) protein and of its COOH-terminally spliced variant ERbetacx (or ERbeta2) was compared in 43 invasive breast cancers and in 39 adjacent normal mammary glands and 26 ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).
The same results were also obtained when mRNA levels of ERbeta and ERalpha in a series of tamoxifen-naïve and tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer was analyzed.
This transfection assay provides an excellent model to evaluate the activation of ERalpha and ERbeta by different phytoestrogens in a breast cancer context and can be used as a screening bioassay tool to evaluate the estrogenic activity of extracts of herbs and foods.
We investigated three common ESR2 polymorphisms, rs1256049 (G1082A), rs4986938 (G1730A) and rs928554 (Cx+56 A-->G) for association to breast cancer risk.
Interestingly, by comparing the promoter sequences of ER-beta with other genes known to be epigenetically inactivated in breast cancers, we identified a sequence motif possibly involved in promoter methylation.
In two human breast cancer cell lines, T47D and BT20, which express variable levels of ER-beta, the effect of genistein and quercetin was evaluated singly and in comparison with 17beta-estradiol, on mRNA expression of estrogen receptor-beta (ER-beta) isoforms evaluated by a triple primer RT-PCR assay.
Decrease of ERbeta2 is thought to be the key reason for the decrease in ERbeta expression in cancer tissues, and it is particularly associated with the development of ERalpha-expressing breast cancer.
PvuII and XbaI polymorphisms of the estrogen receptor-alpha gene (ERalpha) and RsaI and AluI polymorphisms of the estrogen receptor-beta gene (ERbeta) have been associated with breast cancer.
The results indicate that specific polymorphisms in the CYP1B1, ESR1, and ESR2 genes may play a role in progression of BBD to breast cancer among Caucasian women.
Inhibitory effects of estrogen receptor beta on specific hormone-responsive gene expression and association with disease outcome in primary breast cancer.
To better understand the mechanisms in which ERbeta can modulate breast cancer therapies, we introduced ERbeta under an inducible promoter into MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
Association of oestrogen receptor beta 2 (ER beta 2/ER beta cx) with outcome of adjuvant endocrine treatment for primary breast cancer--a retrospective study.
Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on ESR1 and ESR2 genes have been associated with a range of hormone sensitive diseases such as breast cancer and osteoporosis.
In conclusion, an association for breast cancer risk between short (SS) alleles for the repeat variants of the ESR2 and AR genes was found in women of Greek descent.