In addition, it was found that DA3-high and CSML-high cell variants expressed higher levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) than the low malignancy variants (DA3-low and CSML-low).
In this study, we confirmed the ubiquitous expression of CCR2 in myeloid suppressor cells (MSCs), a main inducer for tumor immune evasion, and identified that cancer patient-derived CCL2 mediated the migration of MSCs to tumors in vitro, which could be interdicted by antibodies neutralizing CCL2 or blocking CCR2.
It also suggests that Nutlin-3 could be evaluated for treatment of lung cancer as a single agent or in combination therapy by targeting its effect on ICAM-1 and MCP-1 which are known to be critical for cancer cell invasion, thereby downregulating tumor formation and metastasis.
Delivery of an optimal amount of rAd expressing MCP-1 enhanced the antitumor effects of suicide gene therapy against HCC by M1 macrophage activation, suggesting that this is a plausible form of cancer gene therapy to prevent HCC progression and recurrence.
Further study of unique regulation of MCP-1 secretion and signaling between these cell types in different types of cancer will be possible using this simulated microenvironment.
COPD group had higher plasma MCP1 levels than healthy participants (257.0 versus 194.4 pg/mL) in the univariate analysis (P = .005); and in stepwise liner regression analysis after adjustment for age, alcohol, body mass index, cancer history, and steroid use (P = .002; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 30.72-128.02).
In this chapter, targeting CCL2 in prostate cancer will be used as an example to show translation of laboratory findings from cancer molecular biology to the clinic.
In addition, irradiated meningioma cancer cell conditioned medium (CM) showed an increased ability to attract HMEC and to stimulate MCP-1-induced protein (MCPIP), VEGF and angiogenin expression in HMEC.
These data suggested that MCP-1-2518A/G and CCR2 190G/A polymorphisms are new risk factors for RCC and could be used as prognostic markers for this malignancy.
Overall, MCP-1 and CCR2 polymorphisms showed no significant associations with cancer risk (MCP-1-2518A/G, GG + GA vs. AA: OR=0.94, 95% CI=0.76-1.17; CCR2 V64I, AA+AG vs. GG: OR=1.27, 95% CI=0.87-1.86).
This meta-analysis suggested that the 2518A/G polymorphism of MCP-1 gene is associated with risk of cancer among Asian, but not in Caucasian populations.
The -2518A/G polymorphism in the regulatory region of the monocyte chemo-attractant protein-1 (MCP-1) gene has been reported to be associated with cancer risk.
Circulating concentrations of the cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and chemokines monocyte chemotatic protein 1 (MCP-1)/CCL2 and growth-regulator oncogene α (GROα)/chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 1 are commonly increased in cancer patients and they are increasingly recognised as important promoters, via divergent mechanisms, of cancer progression and metastasis.
Our results supported that CCL2 I/D gene variant contribute to the susceptibility and clinic-pathological characteristic of PCa and could be considered as an important risk factor for this malignancy in North Indian men.
Together, these results suggest that FBXW7 antagonizes cancer development in not only a cell-autonomous manner, but also a non-cell-autonomous manner, and that modulation of the FBXW7/NOTCH/CCL2 axis may provide a potential approach to suppression of cancer metastasis.