Neoadjuvant (Chemo)radiotherapy With Total Mesorectal Excision Only Is Not Sufficient to Prevent Lateral Local Recurrence in Enlarged Nodes: Results of the Multicenter Lateral Node Study of Patients With Low cT3/4Rectal Cancer.
MRI scans (3T, T2-weighted) of 93 patients with locally advanced (cT3-4 and/or cN1-2) rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery were enrolled in this study.
Patients undergoing long-course CRT (45-50 Gy plus a booster dose of 4-6 Gy) for mid or low rectal cancer (cT3-4 or cN+ without metastasis) between 2011 and 2015 who had post-CRT rectal MRI before surgery were included retrospectively.
A total of 229 patients who underwent bilateral lateral lymph node dissection during resection with curative intent for cT3-4 middle or lower rectal cancer from 2002 to 2013 were retrospectively reviewed.
For patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (cT3-4 and/or cN+), 5-year LC, DFS, and OS were 95.1% ± 2.1%, 73.3% ± 4.3%, and 80.6% ± 3.7%, respectively.
Patients and Methods Patients with locally advanced (cT3-4 or cN+) rectal cancer who were treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy followed by total mesorectal excision at our institution during 1993 to 2008 were identified.
Standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (cT3/4 and/or cN+) includes neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with fluoropyrimidines (capecitabine or 5-fluorouracil) followed by radical surgical resection.
55 patients with locally advanced rectal carcinoma (cT3-4, N0, M0 or cT2-4,N+, M0) were treated with capecitabine 825 mg/m2 twice a day and pelvic radiotherapy 1,8 Gy daily up to cumulative dose of 45 Gy, boosting up to 50,4 Gy.