In the present study, we performed a systematic literature search for relevant studies up to 30 March 2015 and conducted a meta-analysis to summarize and clarify the association between the TYMS polymorphisms and the tumor response to pCRT in rectal cancer.
EMAST was more frequent in colon cancer than rectal cancer (p=0.033), and associated with MSI-H phenotype (p<0.001), low expression of hMSH3 (p=0.004), and overexpression of thymidylate synthase (p=0.006).
This study evaluated the predictive value of a number of tissue biomarkers, including proliferating cell nuclear antigen, survivin, thymidine phosphorylase, thymidylate synthase, bax, p53, nuclear factor-kappa B, vascular endothelial growth factor, matrix metalloproteinase-2, matrix metalloproteinase-9, CD133, CD44, and cyclooxygenase-2 with regard to preoperative chemoradiation in rectal cancer.
We initially selected 6 fluoropyrimidine metabolism-related genes (DPYD, ORPT, TYMS, TYMP, TK1, and TK2) and 3 radiotherapy response-related genes (GLUT1, HIF-1α, and HIF-2α) as targets for gene expression identification in 60 LARC cancer specimens.
High TS and DPD mRNA levels on FFPE specimens may predict distant recurrence of rectal cancer treated with 5-FU-based preoperative CRT followed by surgery.
To evaluate the relationship between polymorphisms (28 bp repeated sequences in 5'-UTR and 6-bp ins/ del in 3'-UTR) in then thymidylate synthetase gene (TS) and risk of colorectal, colon and rectal cancers, we conducted a case-control study with 315 cases of colorectal cancer and 439 population-based controls in Jiangsu province, China.
Our results seem to confirm the previously described association of thymidylate synthase and the prediction of chemoradiotherapy response in rectal cancer.
We analyzed the value of TS gene polymorphisms as a predictive marker in patients with stage II and III rectal cancer treated with preoperative concomitant radiotherapy and fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy.
High Ki67, Bax, and thymidylate synthase expression well correlates with response to chemoradiation therapy in locally advanced rectal cancers: proposal of a logistic model for prediction.
To evaluate the predictive value of acute toxicity of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677T polymorphism, glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) substitution of isoleucine with valine at codon 105 (Ile105Val) polymorphism and the tandem repeat polymorphism in the thymidylate synthase gene promoter in elderly patients with rectal cancer receiving preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT).
Prognostic value of histologic tumor regression, thymidylate synthase, thymidine phosphorylase, and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in rectal cancer UICC Stage II/III after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.
VKORC1 Haplotype A) and somatic mutations (e.g. epidermal growth factor receptor), along with the introduction of FDA approved pharmacogenetic tests (UGT1A1*28) and the initiation of a genotype-guided clinical trial for cancer therapy (TYMS TSER in rectal cancer) have provided the first steps towards the integration of pharmacogenomics into clinical practice.
There was no correlation between p53, deleted in colorectal cancer gene, or thymidylate synthase immunohistochemical staining or between p53 polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism and local recurrence or survival in locally advanced low rectal cancers treated with preoperative adjuvant therapies.
Polymorphisms of the repeated sequences in the enhancer region of the thymidylate synthase gene promoter may predict downstaging after preoperative chemoradiation in rectal cancer.