We therefore investigated PON1 polymorphisms in renal transplant recipients (N = 491) with (N = 103) and without CVD (N = 388) using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length analysis.
In our study we assessed the frequency and genotype distribution of the PON1 and PON2 polymorphisms in 197 patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), to determine the possible association between these mutations and susceptibility for CVD.
We investigated the distribution of four genetic polymorphisms (angiotensin converting enzyme [ACE], methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase [MTHFR], apolipoprotein E [apo E], and paraoxonase [PON] genes) in 30 subjects with VaSA, 30 subjects with moderate carotid atherosclerosis (ATS group), and 161 controls with a negative history for cardiovascular disease.
As such, PON1 status will be more useful than genotyping alone for identifying individuals at risk for cardiovascular disease, for predicting sensitivity to OP insecticides, and possibly nerve agents, for predicting the disposition of drugs known to be activated or hydrolyzed by PON1 and for developing robust pharmacokinetic models for each of these roles of these roles of PON1.
As such, PON1 status will be more useful than genotyping alone for identifying individuals at risk for cardiovascular disease, for predicting sensitivity to OP insecticides, and possibly nerve agents, for predicting the disposition of drugs known to be activated or hydrolyzed by PON1 and for developing robust pharmacokinetic models for each of these roles of these roles of PON1.
Our results indicate that PON1 protects against atherosclerosis in a dose-dependent manner and suggest that it may be a potential target for developing therapeutic agents for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
(1,2) The PON1 activity and the polymorphism of the PON1 and PON2 genes have been found to be associated with risk of cardiovascular diseases such as hypercholesterolaemia, non-insulin-dependent diabetes, coronary heart disease (CHD) and myocardial infaction.
The decrease of human paraoxonase (PON1), an anti-oxidant high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-linked enzyme, is a possible mechanism for developing cardiovascular disease.
Levels and genetic variability of the PON1 position 192 isoforms (Gln/Arg) influence sensitivity to specific insecticides or nerve agents and risk for cardiovascular disease.
The human paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) is a high-density lipoprotein-associated enzyme, mainly secreted by the liver, that displays protective properties toward cardiovascular disease and organophosphate intoxication.
Polymorphisms of the promoter region (-108C/T) and the coding region (192Q/R) of the paraoxonase 1 gene (PON1) showed differences in association with cardiovascular disease risk in various populations.
Paraoxonase (PON1), a component of high density lipoproteins, has antioxidative potential and was previously associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Serum paraoxonase (PON1) is a high-density lipoprotein-associated esterase with antioxidant and antiatherogenic properties that has recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease.
Polymorphisms of the promoter region (-108C/T) and the coding region (192Q/R) of the paraoxonase 1 gene (PON1) showed differences in association with cardiovascular disease risk in various populations.
HDL-associated paraoxonase type 1 (PON1) can protect LDL and HDL against oxidative modification in vitro and therefore may protect against cardiovascular disease.
As PON1 plays a protective role in organophosphate toxicity, and, because of its antioxidant capacity, in cardiovascular disease, a better understanding of how PON1 can be modulated by environmental factors has potential toxicological and clinical consequences.