Cottonseed oil treatment inhibited intestinal fibrosis by reducing the expression of <i>α</i>-smooth muscle actin and type I collagen, compared with vehicle treatment in mice with DSS-induced colitis.
Transgenic mice were generated in which hPepT1 expression was regulated by the β-actin or villin promoters; colitis was induced using 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) or dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) and the inflammatory responses were assessed.
Furthermore, a mutant Salmonella strain that was defective in forming the SipC multimer and deficient in actin nucleation failed to cause severe colitis in a mouse model.