Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a macromolecular complex found in human plasma that combines structural elements from the lipoprotein and blood clotting systems and that is associated with premature coronary heart disease and stroke.
Homozygotes and compound heterozygotes (i.e., those who carry two different FH genes) are very rare (one in 1,000,000) have severe hypercholesterolemia with xanthomas, and develop coronary heart disease early in life.
Variation in the concentrations of both plasma and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, as well as apolipoprotein B, were related neither to age at death from CHD nor to the clinical course of CHD.
The association between the minor RFLP alleles and polymorphic gene variants (probably the apo AI, apo CIII, or both genes) which enhance liability to CHD accounted for almost 20% of total CHD in this population.
Apolipoprotein A-I gene polymorphisms: frequency in patients with coronary artery disease and healthy controls and association with serum apo A-I and HDL-cholesterol concentration.
A high-resolution method was used to study the allele frequencies of a hypervariable minisatellite region close to the apolipoprotein B gene in 110 patients with severe coronary disease and in 117 normal controls.
Genetic variation in the cholesteryl ester transfer protein and apolipoprotein A-I genes and its relation to coronary heart disease in a Sri Lankan population.
Genetic variation in the cholesteryl ester transfer protein and apolipoprotein A-I genes and its relation to coronary heart disease in a Sri Lankan population.
Although no definite evidence is available showing that tissue plasminogen activator antigen is a risk factor for coronary heart disease, the present study suggests a positive ecologic association between this hemostatic factor and coronary heart disease mortality.
Three polymorphic sites of the apolipoprotein B gene - the insertion/deletion signal peptide, XbaI and EcoRI sites - were examined in a sample of 107 healthy men and in 46 men with evidence of coronary heart disease selected from a large population survey of South Asians aged 40-69 in London, U.K.
To elucidate the association of thermolabile MTHFR with the development of coronary artery disease, we determined the thermostability of lymphocyte MTHFR in 212 patients with proven coronary artery disease and in 202 controls without clinical evidence of atherosclerotic vascular disease.
Intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDLs) and lipoprotein (a) are highly atherogenic species that each normally account for up to 10% to 15% total LDL cholesterol but may be disproportionately elevated in pathologic states and may therefore contribute disproportionately to coronary disease risk in certain patients.
The value of lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] in the prediction of coronary artery disease risk very early in life remains to be established in different racial groups.
In conclusion, (1) the presence of NIDDM in the proband appears to be associated in siblings with more profound lipid and lipoprotein changes (especially low HDL cholesterol and high total triglycerides) than a history of CHD in the proband, (2) a history of CHD in the proband is associated in children with apolipoprotein changes favouring atherosclerosis (low apolipoprotein A1, high apolipoprotein B, low apolipoprotein A1/B ratio).
Lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) is a low density lipoprotein-like particle which contains the plasminogen-like apolipoprotein a. Lp(a) levels are elevated in patients with atherosclerotic coronary artery disease.
This could be explained by the observed rise of lipoprotein (a) between age 2 and 13 years, which was much more pronounced in the group with parents who had CHD.
In conclusion, (1) the presence of NIDDM in the proband appears to be associated in siblings with more profound lipid and lipoprotein changes (especially low HDL cholesterol and high total triglycerides) than a history of CHD in the proband, (2) a history of CHD in the proband is associated in children with apolipoprotein changes favouring atherosclerosis (low apolipoprotein A1, high apolipoprotein B, low apolipoprotein A1/B ratio).