Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a frequently observed condition in patients with immunodeficiency secondary to tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors (TNFαis).
The expression of miR-4492 and that if its targets predicted by a bioinformatics analysis, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-10, was validated in 96 clinical specimens. miR-4492 was downregulated and IL-10 was upregulated in CRSwNP vs. CRSsNP tissues, and an inverse correlation between miR-4492 and IL-10 was determined in CRS tissues; however no difference was identified in the expression of TNF-α between the different groups.
Expression of SPRR1 and of SPRR2A is increased in mucosal samples from patients with CRS and appeared as a downstream result of TNF alpha modulation, which possibly resulted in epithelial barrier dysfunction.
As of yet, the role of PLA2 in CRS has hardly been studied, except for a report that group II PLA2 expression is elevated in interleukin (IL) 1β or tumor necrosis factor α-stimulated CRS nasal tissues with and without polyps.
Inflammation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), and TNFα is a key pro-inflammatory cytokine in the pathogenesis of this disease.
ex vivo VCAM expression was lowest in controls, higher in CRSsNP, and highest in CRSwNP. in vitro stimulation with TNF-α and IL-4, but not IFN-γ, increased VCAM among CRSsNP, while expression in CRSwNP remained elevated with all treatments except IFN-γ. ex vivo ICAM expression was elevated in both CRS subtypes. in vitro stimulation with TNF-α and IFN-γ, but not IL-4, increased ICAM expression in all patients with the largest effects among the CRSsNP subgroup.
It is concluded that genetic variants of the TNFA gene may affect the risk of CRS in a clinically well-defined group of CRSNP(+)ASA(+) patients in the Hungarian population.
Here, we utilize systemic corticosteroids to suppress downstream cytokine expression, in order to study the direct role of TNF-α in CRS-associated olfactory dysfunction.
Expression of target genes: interleukin 1β (IL1β), interleukin 6 (IL6), interleukin 11 (IL11), tumor growth factor β (TGF β) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF α) were analysed by real-time PCR method in samples of the ethmoid bone taken during endoscopic sinus surgery for CRS.