Mutations in the human genes encoding insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3) and its Leu-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 8 (LGR8), homeobox A10 (HOXA10), zinc finger 214 (ZNF214) and 215 (ZNF215) have occasionally been identified but do not seem to be a frequent cause of cryptorchidism.
Male partners of subfertile couples with idiopathic azoo- or severe oligozoospermia, male partners with azoo- or severe oligozoospermia and cryptorchidism in their medical history and men with normozoospermia were screened for nine single nucleotide polymorphisms in the ZNF214 and ZNF215 genes.