Gene Score gda Association Type Type Original DB Sentence supporting the association PMID PMID Year
Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
0.100 Biomarker disease BEFREE Loss of ganciclovir sensitivity by exclusion of thymidine kinase gene from transplanted proinsulin-producing fibroblasts as a gene therapy model for diabetes. 8646554 1996
Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
0.100 Biomarker disease BEFREE Together, the results demonstrate that the INS-PLLA PMs have a strong potential as an effective strategy for inhalation treatment of diabetes. 30284409 2019
Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
0.100 Biomarker disease BEFREE In genetically obese mice with otherwise wild-type islets, disulfide-linked complexes of proinsulin are more abundant, and leptin receptor-deficient mice, the further increase of such complexes tracks with the onset of islet insulin deficiency and diabetes. 31184302 2019
Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
0.100 Biomarker disease BEFREE Taking into account that in most cases only a small proportion of islets are infiltrated by amyloid, the limited reduction in proinsulin mRNA is unlikely to play a major role in the pathogenesis of diabetes. 11272184 2001
Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
0.100 Biomarker disease BEFREE This was associated with diminished glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, increased ROS formation, and accumulation of proinsulin, all characteristics of human diabetes. 26997281 2016
Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
0.100 GeneticVariation disease BEFREE Three of the patients with an INS mutation were diagnosed with diabetes between 6 and 12 months of age. 18662362 2008
Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
0.100 Biomarker disease BEFREE Importantly 34% of those with diabetes who were IAA negative were oxPTM-INS positive. 26350612 2015
Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
0.100 Biomarker disease BEFREE Islet cell antibodies are less predictive of IDDM among unaffected children in the general population than in sibs of children with diabetes. The Childhood Diabetes in Finland Study Group. 9773728 1998
Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
0.100 Biomarker disease BEFREE Effect of genetic variation in a Drosophila model of diabetes-associated misfolded human proinsulin. 24281155 2014
Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
0.100 Biomarker disease BEFREE We show that CE prevent insulin-deficient diabetes in male and in female Akita mice using a model of misfolded proinsulin. 29972779 2018
Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
0.100 GeneticVariation disease BEFREE Despite evidence from several relatively small studies suggesting that INS-VNTR genotypes are associated with predisposition to type 2 diabetes, reduced beta cell function and measures of adiposity, the present study failed to detect any association with a range of diabetes-related traits. 15834700 2005
Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
0.100 Biomarker disease BEFREE Genetic complexity in a Drosophila model of diabetes-associated misfolded human proinsulin. 24281154 2014
Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
0.100 Biomarker disease BEFREE The insulin minisatellite (INS VNTR) has been intensively analyzed due to its associations with diseases including diabetes. 12952878 2003
Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
0.100 GeneticVariation disease BEFREE It was hypothesized that the INS gene region provides a common genetic causality for diabetes in Samoyeds and Australian Terriers. 31587057 2019
Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
0.100 GeneticVariation disease BEFREE Parental history of hypertension and parental history of diabetes and microvascular complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: the EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study. 9609365 1998
Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
0.100 Biomarker disease BEFREE Some were initially diagnosed as having IDDM based on an apparent acute onset in youth and the clinical severity of their diabetes. 8056189 1994
Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
0.100 Biomarker disease BEFREE Mutations in the preproinsulin protein that affect processing of preproinsulin to proinsulin or lead to misfolding of proinsulin are associated with diabetes. 20034470 2010
Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
0.100 GeneticVariation disease BEFREE The IDDM2 diabetes susceptibility locus maps to a minisatellite composed of a variable number of tandem repeats situated 0.5 kb upstream of INS. 11502799 2001
Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
0.100 Biomarker disease BEFREE Here we show that proinsulin B24-C36 peptide binds to I-A(g7), the MHC class II molecule of the NOD mouse, and, after intranasal administration, induces regulatory CD4(+) T cells that, in the absence of CD8(+) T cells, block the adoptive transfer of diabetes. 12727928 2003
Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
0.100 Biomarker disease BEFREE One difficulty involved in gene therapy for diabetes is a control of proinsulin production by the cells transfected with insulin cDNA. 8889233 1997
Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
0.100 Biomarker disease BEFREE We describe the durable correction of streptozotocin-induced murine diabetes by in vivo implantation of primary mouse hepatocytes electroporated ex vivo with a human proinsulin cDNA plasmid construct controlled by glucose and zinc regulatory elements. 15703765 2005
Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
0.100 Biomarker disease BEFREE In diabetes, insulin secretion is either completely absent (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [IDDM]) or inappropriately regulated (non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [NIDDM]). 8314006 1994
Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
0.100 Biomarker disease BEFREE Misfolded proinsulin in the endoplasmic reticulum during development of beta cell failure in diabetes. 29377149 2018
Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
0.100 Biomarker disease BEFREE This study of Asian Indian offspring of diabetic parents has shown that genetic predisposition to diabetes resulted in increased proinsulin to insulin ratio at the fasting state. 9768375 1998
Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
0.100 Biomarker disease BEFREE Tolerizing vaccination of NOD mice with a cDNA plasmid expressing full-length proinsulin prevented diabetes, whereas plasmids encoding ZnT8 and DβH did not. 27069933 2016